Assume a bank can invest in a government bonds at a risk-free rate of 5.6%. Alternatively, it can invest in a corporate bond with a default probability of 6.5%. If the issuer defaults, the bank expects to recover 28.3% of the investment. A risk-averse bank that requires an additional premium of 2.9% as a result of risk aversion would be indifferent between investing in the government bond and the corporate bond if the corporate bond offers a rate of __________. Calculate the answer by read surrounding text. %. Round to the nearest 0.01%, drop the % symbol. E.g., if your answer is 0.10245 or 10.245%, record it as 10.25.
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Assume a bank can invest in a government bonds at a risk-free rate of 5.6%. Alternatively, it can invest in a corporate bond with a default probability of 6.5%. If the issuer defaults, the bank expects to recover 28.3% of the investment. A risk-averse bank that requires an additional premium of 2.9% as a result of risk aversion would be indifferent between investing in the government bond and the corporate bond if the corporate bond offers a rate of __________. Calculate the answer by read surrounding text. %. Round to the nearest 0.01%, drop the % symbol. E.g., if your answer is 0.10245 or 10.245%, record it as 10.25.
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- Problem 3 There are two types of banks, A and B. Each bank has 20 loans. Each loan of type A bank generates $500 with probability 0.9 and $200 with probability 0.1, and these cash flows are independently distributed. Each loan of the type B bank generates $600 with probability 0.4 and $200 with probability 0.6, and these cash flows are independently distributed, too. Suppose that the bank XYZ is type A. However, the investors believe that XYZ is type A with probability 0.3 and type B with probability 0.7. Ignore investors' opportunity cost of investment (or assume that that the risk-free interest rate is 0%.) The investors are risk neutral. Consider the following securitization options for the bank XYZ. 1 a. Suppose XYZ wants to securitize the portfolio of loans as a single security without communication. What is the market price of the security issued by XYZ? What is the net payoff to XYZ generated by this securitization? b. Suppose XYZ wants to securitize the portfolio of loans as a…If a bond has a credit rating of A, which of the following is not true: A. The bond has more risk than a government bond B. The bond is considered a junk bond C. The bond is less risky than a BBB bond D. The bond is currently making all of its debt payments Is it junk bond? Because they are riskier bonds and will provide more returns?Nominal interest rates are the rates stated or quoted in the terms or contract of a particular security. Which is false about the factors that influences nominal interest rates? a. Government issued securities will only include maturity risk premium if the security is a long-term one b. The liquidity risk premium which is present in all corporate securities are used to compensate investors for the possibility of difficulty in converting the security into cash c. The short-term government securities do not have a real risk-free rate component d. Regardless of whether issued by the government or corporation, nominal rates have inflation premiums
- Explain Why you agree or disagree with the following statements. The answer should not be more than 3 sentences. Be specific in your answer and write only the most relevant explanations a. If a bond sells at a discount, yield to maturity is more likely to occur. b. All other things held constant; the future value of an annuity due is always having a lower future value than future value of ordinary annuity.c. Treasury bills are less risky than corporate bondsSuppose that, holding yield constant, investors are indifferent as to whether they hold bonds issued by the federal government or bonds issued by state and local governments (that is, they consider the bonds the same with respect to default risk, information costs, and liquidity). Suppose that state governments have issued perpetuities (or consoles) with $82 coupons and that the federal government has also issued perpetuities with $82 coupons. If the state and federal perpetuities both have after-tax yields of 6%, what are their pre-tax yields? (Assume that the relevant federal income tax rate is 33.64%.) The pre-tax yield on the state perpetuity will be 6%. (Round your response to two decimal places.) The pre-tax yield on the federal perpetuity will be %. (Round your response to two decimal places.)8. Suppose one of the ratings agencies (S&P, Moody's, Fitch) upgrades the rating of a bond from BBB to AA. a. How will this affect demand for the bond? b. How will the affect the price of the bond? C. How will the affect the cost of borrowing for the company that issues those bonds? 9. Suppose the price of a $100,000 bond falls from $98,000 to $97,000. What is the interest rate on a one-year $100,000 bond that sells for $98,000? b. What is the interest rate on a one-year $100,000 bond that sells for $97,000? a.
- An investor has two alternatives: AAA-rated corporate bond or Turkish Government Treasury bond. But the investor is not sure what rate of interest these two bonds should pay. Assume that the real risk-free rate of interest is 1.5%; inflation is expected to be 2.5%; the maturity risk premium is 3.5%; and, the default risk premium for AAA rated corporate bonds is 5.5%. a) What is the "Rate of interest for the AAA-rated corporate bond" ? b) What is the "Rate of interest for the Turkish Government Treasury bond"?Which of the following observations is the most accurate? 34.A callable bond will have a lower required rate of return than a noncallable bond, assuming all other factors remain stable.b. If all other factors were equal, a company would choose to issue noncallable bonds over callable bonds.c. From the perspective of a traditional investor, reinvestment rate risk is higher than interest rate risk.d. If a 10-year, $1,000 par, zero coupon bond was sold at a price that offered buyers a 10% rate of return, and interest rates fell to the point where kd = YTM = 5%, we might be certain that the bond would sell for more than its $1,000 par value.e. If a 10-year, $1,000 par, zero coupon bond was sold at a price that provided borrowers with a 10% rate of return, and interest rates subsequently fell to the point where kd = YTM = 5%, we might be certain that the bond would sell at a discount below its $1,000 par value.Explain how does a bond par value differs from its market value? Are variable rate bonds attractive to investors who expect the interest rates to decrease? Explain. Would a firm that needs to borrow funds consider issuing variable rate bonds if it expects interest rates to decrease in the future? Explain.
- Question 2: What Would Your Finance Manager Say?Ike Intern stated, “Our firm should always issue bonds when the market rate of interest is greater than the stated rate of interest. By doing so, we would make lower periodic cash payments for interest.” Irene Intern countered, “You’re wrong. We should issue bonds only when the market rate of interest is less than the stated rate of interest. If we did, we could sell bonds at a premium and receive more cash.” What would Ike and Irene’s Finance Manager say? Question 3: Theory Vs. PracticeAs discussed in the chapter, preferred stock offers an investor certain preferences over common stock in relation to dividends and liquidation value. In theory, these preferences should make preferred shares more attractive to potential investors than common stock. In practice, however, a majority of companies do not issue preferred stock, and most investors seem to favor putting their investment dollars into common shares. Discuss some of the reasons a…Suppose that a commercial bank wants to buy Treasury bills. These instruments pay $6,000 in one year and are currently selling for $6,100. The yield to maturity of these bonds is%. (Round your response to two decimal places.) Is this a typical situation? OA. No. In normal times banks will not choose to pay more than the face value of a discount bond, since that implies negative yields to maturity. B. Yes. Often times, investors and banks will choose to pay more than the face value of a discount bond. It is more convenient to hold Treasury bills or keep their funds as deposits at the central bank because they are stored electronically.1. Which of the following is not a way in which banks lend short-term unsecured loans? Choices: By sending the amount earned from trust and investment products offered by the bank Through a guaranteed credit line that has a commitment fee for any unused amount for the year Through credits cards lines with a certain credit limit By lending a single date maturity loan to a debtor 2. The following are methods of acquiring funds through long-term financing, except Choices: Issuing bonds with semi-annual coupon payment at a discounted price Selling equity securities at an amount above the par value indicated in the stock certificate Issuing a note that indicates a promise to pay the indicated supplier in a future date Selling equity securities with a characteristic of both debt and equity security 3. Which is false about long-term sources of a firm's capital? Choices: Preferred shares are securities whose intrinsic value is based on prospective earnings All types of…