Answered: As blood goes from the left ventricle through the arteries and veins of the human body, both its speed and pressure change. The arteries and arterioles can…

Name: As blood goes from the left ventricle through the arteries and veins o
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Description: As blood goes from the left ventricle through the arteries and veins of the human body, both its speed and pressure change. The arteries and arterioles can either constrict, reducing the area, or dilate, increasing the area, in response to certain co

College Physics

11th Edition

ISBN: 9781305952300

Author: Raymond A. Serway, Chris Vuille

Publisher: Cengage Learning

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Question

As blood goes from the left ventricle through the arteries and veins of the human body, both its speed and pressure change. The arteries and arterioles can either constrict, reducing the area, or dilate, increasing the area, in response to certain conditions. Both of these changes can affect blood flow and blood pressure. An artery can also develop a permanent narrow area (stenosis) or a permanent wide area (aneurysm). Both of these changes can have significant health consequences.

Sustained exercise can increase the blood flow rate of the heart by a factor of 5 with only a modest increase in blood pressure. This is a large change in flow. Although several factors come into play, which of the following physiological changes would most plausibly account for such a large increase in flow with a small change in pressure?
A. A decrease in the viscosity of the blood
B. Dilation of the smaller blood vessels to larger diameters
C. Dilation of the aorta to larger diameter
D. An increase in the oxygen carried by the blood

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