All of the following are possible explanations for the dramatic diversification of early animals known as the Cambrian explosion except: A. Increase in calcium concentration in seawater 3. Evolution of developmental gene families C. Evolution of vision D. Co-evolution with vascular plants E. Reaching a “complexity threshold"

All of the following are possible explanations for the dramatic diversification of early animals known as the Cambrian explosion except: A. Increase in calcium concentration in seawater 3. Evolution of developmental gene families C. Evolution of vision D. Co-evolution with vascular plants E. Reaching a “complexity threshold"

BIOLOGY:CONCEPTS+APPL.(LOOSELEAF)

10th Edition

ISBN:9781305967359

Author:STARR

Publisher:STARR

Chapter16: Evidence Of Evolution

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 5SA: In which type of rock are you more likely to find a fossil? a. basalt, a dark, fine-grained volcanic...

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Which of the following is not a hypothesis used to describe the sudden change in the diversity of lifeforms observed in the Cambrian Period? a. Increased continental drift creating greater terrestrial landmasses O b. Predator-prey arms race due to evolution of locomotion and development of exoskeletons O c. Evolution of the Hox genes which regulate complex body plans O d. Rising sea levels, increasing the volume of area species could occupy e. Continental flooding driving increased nutrient and mineral flux in the oceans
The Cambrian explosion is a conundrum: how can the long prior history of the phyla, revealed by molecular divergence, be reconciled with their absence, and then sudden appearance, in the fossil record?
In the late 1800s, a biologist studying animal embryos coined the phrase “ontogeny recapitulates phylogeny,” meaning that the physical development of an animal embryo (ontogeny) seemed to retrace the changing form of the species during its evolutionary history (phylogeny). Why would embryonic development retrace evolutionary steps?
800 Proterozoic 700 600 541 Phanerozoic 485 Demospongiae Hemichordata Echinodermata Vertebrata Nemertea Brachiopoda Mollusca Annelida Bryozoa Priapulida Onychophora Arthropoda Cnidaria
Imagine that you have the DNA sequences fromthe intron of a gene in three species called A, B,and C. Species A and B are most closely related,while C is more distantly related. The sequencesof A and B differ by 18 base pairs, A and C differby 26 base pairs, and B and C differ by 28 basepairs. Fossils show that species A and B divergedabout 1.2 Mya, but there is no fossil evidence asto when the most recent common ancestor ofall three species lived. Use the genetic data toestimate that date. What assumptions are youmaking to get this estimate?
The tree below shows a proposed phylogeny of the three broadest mammal groups. monotremes marsupials eutherians Figure 1: Phylogenetic relationsbips between defrent ypes of mammals. a. Which group of mammals branched off the earliest? b. Which letter designates the common ancestor to monotremes and marsupials? c. Indicate where on the tree (short perpendicular line) each of the following characters arose. 1. long-lived placenta 4. internal gestation (rather than in egg) 2. body hair 5. long-term gestation 3. production of milk for young 6. live birth (rather than egg laying e. Which of the above characters are shared ancestral characters of eutherians? List all that apply.
To test evolutionary hypotheses, you make a phylogeny of a group of organisms based on six traits. You suspect tree dwelling evolved to allow for nest building. A В 4 2 E 5 G 3 J 1 = singing 2= nest-building 3 = short legs K 4 4 = hollow snout M - 6 N 5 = crest 6=tree dwelling a) Based on your phylogeny, did hollow snouts evolve to allow singing? Explain your answer. b) Your friend wants to put all of the species that have hollow snouts into a single taxonomic group. Is this a good taxonomic group? Explain your answer. CO
A вс D E F G scales fur/ scales spikes horns horns claws feathers hair a) Which trait(s) did the most recent common ancestor of dragons A and B have? [ [ Select ] b) Which trait(s) appear to be the result of convergent evolution? [ Select ] c) Which trait(s) does dragon D have? [Select ] d) Which taxa is most closely related to dragon B? [ Select ] f) True or false? The clade formed by dragons D, E, and their most recent common ancestor is monophyletic [ Select ] e) Which trait(s) did the most recent common ancestor of dragon species A and E have? [ Select ]
The phylogenetic tree to the right showsthe evolutionary relationships of taxa A –H. The shapes represent character statetrait changes. A. Which traits (shapes) would individualsin taxa D have? Draw the collection oftraits. B. Is the triangle a synapomorphy orpleisomorphy (circle one)? C. Is the circle a synapomorphy orsympleisomorphy (circle one)?
To test evolutionary hypotheses, you make a phylogeny of a group of organisms based on six traits. You suspect tree dwelling evolved to allow for nest building A В 4 C 1 2 E F 5 3 2 1= singing 2= nest-building 3= short legs J K 4 4 = hollow snout M 5= crest 9- N 6=tree dwelling a) Based on your phylogeny, did tree dwelling evolve to allow nest building? Explain your answer. b) Your friend wants to put all of the species that have short legs into a single taxonomic group. Is this a good taxonomic group? Explain your answer. CO
Taphonomy tells us ab0ut preservati0n biases in the fossil rec0rd. What kind of biases affect 0ur understanding 0f the large animals 0f the Triassic, Jurassic, and Cretaceous? (a short list with explanations or 2-3 short paragraphs) need help asap, thank you in advance
What must be TRUE of any organ described as vestigial? It need be neither homologous nor analogous to some feature in an ancestor. O It must be analogous to some feature in an ancestor. O It must be homologous to some feature in an ancestor. OIt must be both homologous and analogous to some feature in an ancestor.