Alicia F. Lieberman and Patricia Van Horn have created a psychotherapy model for young children who have witnessed family violence. The therapy focuses on building the parent’s capacity to nurture and protect the child, thereby promoting the child’s emotional health and repairing the parent-child relationship, which has been disrupted by the stress and trauma of family violence. As a clinical psychology intern, you are learning parent-child therapy with Drs. Lieberman and Van Horn. You see six parent-child dyads for a year and then evaluate them before therapy, after therapy, and again one year after therapy is finished. You are interested in assessing whether the treatment had an effect on the child’s anxiety. In the experiment above, the null hypothesis is: At least one anxiety mean is different from another   There are no differences among the anxiety means across the three time points   There are no individual differences in the anxiety means     The results of the study are presented in the following data table. All scores are from the Achenbach Child Behavior Checklist. Anxiety Score Child Before Treatment After Treatment 12-Month Follow-Up Participant Totals   A 2.19 1.45 1.94 P = 5.58 n = 6 B 1.35 1.34 1.26 P = 3.95 k = 3 C 1.91 0.69 1.17 P = 3.77 N = 18 D 1.18 0.84 0.76 P = 2.78 G = 27.04 E 2.56 1.17 1.18 P = 4.91 ΣX² = 45.6864 F 2.31 1.82 1.92 P = 6.05     T = 11.50 T = 7.31 T = 8.23       SS = 1.5072 SS = 0.8551 SS = 1.0877       The three treatment evaluations define three populations of interest. Use analysis of variance (ANOVA) to test the hypothesis that the three population means are equal. Source SS ANOVA Table MS F df Between treatments 1.6164 2 0.8082      Within treatments 3.4500 15 0.2300     Between subjects 2.5102 5 0.5020     Error 0.9398 10 0.0940   Total 5.0663 17       Fill in the missing value for the F test statistic in the ANOVA table.   0123 F Distributiont Distribution Select a Distribution       Use the F distribution in the Distributions tool to find the critical value of F for α = 0.05. The critical value is F =    .   At a significance level of α = 0.05, evaluate the null hypothesis that the population means for all treatments are equal. The null hypothesis is    . You    conclude that parent-child therapy has an effect on anxiety in children who have witnessed family violence.   To measure the effect size, calculate η². The η² is    . The percentage of variance accounted for by the treatment effect is    .

We've studied two different basic types of research studies, Observational Studies and Experiments. They have similarities and differences in their methodologies, and in some cases it is not practical nor ethical to design a study one way or the other. And this affects the kinds of conclusions the research can ultimately reach. This discussion is designed for students to help each other build a complete understanding, and clearly separate these as two distinct concepts. Discuss the similarities and differences between these, as well as the research conclusions to which they can possibly lead.

Compare and contrast the three types of responsibility centers. What is the best way to evaluate a manager's performance in each type of center? What is the problem with using only financial measures of performance?

A student was interested in the impact of nutrition and exercise on mental health. She recruited a sample of 80 individuals. She divided the participants into 4 groups. One group was a control group. There was no treatment for this group. The second group was the diet group. These participants followed a strict diet that was designed by a dietitian. The nutrients in the diet were optimized for each individual. The third group was an exercise group. These participants worked with a personal trainer on an individualized exercise plan. The fourth group was the exercise and diet group. This group had both the dietitian and personal trainer intervention. After 3 weeks of treatment (or control), She measured their mental health with the Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-being Scale (WEMWBS). Some of the information is included in the ANOVA table below but I spilled a coffee on the output and the student already deleted the raw data...oh, no!! Given the ANOVA table below, what is the F-statistic?…