After the glacial retreat at the end of the last ice age, some three-spine stickleback fish(Gasterosteus aculeatus) were isolated in small lakes. A mutation occurred in these fishthat resulted in the loss of pelvic spines. Today, all freshwater sticklebacks lack pelvicspines, but are still classified as members of the same species as marine sticklebacks.Scientists collected sticklebacks from both marine and freshwater environments andplaced them together in a controlled environment. Which of the following statementsdescribes the effect of the mutation on their ability to interbreed?They should be able to interbreed and produce fertile offspring.They will not be able to interbreed and produce offspring because of hybrid breakdown.They will not be able to interbreed and produce offspring because of mechanical isolation.They should be able to interbreed and produce offspring, but the offspring may experiencereduced hybrid fertility. Evolutionary microbiologists developed a theory about a common ancestor for alleukaryotic cells. Below is a model of the theorized changes during the origin of eukaryoticcells. Prokaryotes are not capable of phagocytosis, or engulfing outside particles bycreating a pocket in the cell membrane.Engulfing ofphotosynthetic PhotosyntheticprokaryoteeukaryoteInfoldingof plasmamembraneProkaryoteEngulfingof aerobicheterotrophicprokaryoteHeterotrophiceukaryoteWhich of the following changes in early prokaryotes could be predicted to result in theemergence of eukaryotic organisms?the development of genetic transfer mechanisms in prokaryotesthe evolution of predatory or parasitic relationships in prokaryotesthe emergence of collections of cells functioning together in prokaryotesthe expansion of internal structures to support larger individual cells in prokaryotesTime

INTRODUCTION Evolutionary biology provides the key to understanding the principles governing the…

After the glacial retreat at the end of the last ice age, some three-spine stickleback fish (Gasterosteus aculeatus) were isolated in small lakes. A mutation occurred in these fish that resulted in the loss of pelvic spines. Today, all freshwater sticklebacks lack pelvic spines, but are still classified as members of the same species as marine sticklebacks. Scientists collected sticklebacks from both marine and freshwater environments and placed them together in a controlled environment. Which of the following statements describes the effect of the mutation on their ability to interbreed? They should be able to interbreed and produce fertile offspring. They will not be able to interbreed and produce offspring because of hybrid breakdown. They will not be able to interbreed and produce offspring because of mechanical isolation. They should be able to interbreed and produce offspring, but the offspring may experience

After the glacial retreat at the end of the last ice age, some three-spine stickleback fish (Gasterosteus aculeatus) were isolated in small lakes. A mutation occurred in these fish that resulted in the loss of pelvic spines. Today, all freshwater sticklebacks lack pelvic spines, but are still classified as members of the same species as marine sticklebacks. Scientists collected sticklebacks from both marine and freshwater environments and placed them together in a controlled environment. Which of the following statements describes the effect of the mutation on their ability to interbreed? They should be able to interbreed and produce fertile offspring. They will not be able to interbreed and produce offspring because of hybrid breakdown. They will not be able to interbreed and produce offspring because of mechanical isolation. They should be able to interbreed and produce offspring, but the offspring may experience

Biology Today and Tomorrow without Physiology (MindTap Course List)

5th Edition

ISBN:9781305117396

Author:Cecie Starr, Christine Evers, Lisa Starr

Publisher:Cecie Starr, Christine Evers, Lisa Starr

Chapter15: Animal Evolution

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 4CT

See similar textbooks

Similar questions

The presence of tiny hairs, called setae, on the toe pads of some geckos is associated with the ability to adhere to smooth surfaces. This ability allows geckos to climb in areas where many predators cannot. Scientists studying the evolution of setae have identified three closely related species of gecko, only one of which can adhere to smooth surfaces.. A model of the evolutionary relatedness between these species is represented in the figure. G. humeralis 1 Can adhere OG. concinnatus O Cannot adhere O G. antillensis Which of the following statements is an accurate description of the evolutionary relationships shown in the model? G. concinnatus is more closely related to G. antillensis than to G. humeralis. DNA nnd protein segienci in common with G humeralis than with G concionatus
Neanderthals are recognizably human but have distinctive facial features and a stocky build that were evolutionary adaptations to cold, dry environments. They shared Europe for 10,000 years with Homo sapiens. Today they no longer exist. Beyond these facts the fate of Neanderthals has generated much debate. Why did Neanderthalsbecome extinct? State at least two major factors toexplain their fate.
The presence of tiny hairs, called setae, on the toe pads of some geckos is associated with the ability to adhere to smooth surfaces. This ability allows geckos to climb in areas where many predators cannot. Scientists studying the evolution of setae have identified three closely related species of gecko, only one of which can adhere to smooth surfaces. A model of the evolutionary relatedness between these species is represented in the figure. G. humeralis Can adhere O Cannot adhere 2 O G. concinnatus O G. antillensis Which of the following statements is an accurate interpretation of the labeled branch points on the model? Location 1 represents the common ancestor of only two of the three species.
This West Indian manatee (Trichechus manatus) is an aquaticmammal. Like amphibians and reptiles, mammals are tetrapods (vertebrates with four limbs). Explain why manatees areconsidered tetrapods even though they lack hind limbs, andsuggest traits that manatees likely share with leopards andother mammals (see Figure 26.12b). Discuss how early members of the manatee lineage might have differed from today’smanatees.
Amphioxus long has been of interest to zoologists searching for a vertebrate ancestor. Explain why amphioxus captured such interest and how it is different from the hypothesized most recent common ancestor of all vertebrates.
a- Tiktaalik is a fish that lived 375 million years ago that grew to three metres long and had aquatic features mixed with others more suited to life on land. The fossils of five Tiktaalik specimens reveal that the animals had a large, robust pelvic girdle, a prominent hip joint, and long hind fins. The powerful fins could have propelled the beast in the water, but also helped it walk on riverbeds, or scramble around on mudflats. It is believed that Tiktaalik evolved into four-legged land animals. The scientists have yet to find a Tiktaalik hind fin bone, or any remains that might shed light on the origins of toes. A picture of Tiktaalik is available at https://www.npr.org/2010/07/05/127937070/the-human-edge-finding-our-inner-fish Describe how Darwin would explain that evolution of hind legs (of land animals) actually began as enhanced hind fins (of Tiktaalik), referring to his relevant observations and inferences (History of Evolutionary Thought). Indicate where the observations and…
tes es When Charles Darwin visited the Galapagos Islands, he observed the marine iguana. He later decided that the marine iguana evolved from the terrestrial iguana found on the mainland of South America. The marine iguana differs from the terrestrial iguana in several ways. The marine iguana has a flat tail, long claws and sharp teeth while the terrestrial iguana has a round tail, short claws and flat teeth. When looking at the differences between the terrestrial and the marine iguana, which of the following is not evidence that evolution has occurred? ers ences nline riods 1 and 2 Homologous structures shared between both iguanas P1, Highschool wol MP3, The biogeography of the iguanas 4 Comparative embryology of the iguanas The state of Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium present in both iguanas hu Fri The medium ground finch is one of Darwin's finches that inhabits an island in the Galapagos. It has a small beak that it uses to eat smallI, soft seeds. Irn 1977, a drought eliminated all but…
Ostrich wings are vestigial because they are too rudimentary to perform the function for which they evolved in the species’ flying ancestor. Nonetheless, the ostrich uses its wings for other purposes. For example, an ostrich may extend its wings to the side while running, to help maintain balance, and it may spread its wings as part of a threat display. These uses show that evolution by natural selection can sometimes repurpose vestigial structures that have lost the function for which they originally evolved. But whether a vestigial structure remains useless or acquires a new function, it is homologous to the version that retains its original function in other organisms and provides evidence of common ancestry. But are all similarities between different organisms the result of shared ancestry?
On a research expedition to the Galapagos, you and your research team discover four new species! All the animals appear to be chordates, but each animal has distinct traits: Animal A: Both vertebral column and jaws Animal B: Vertebral column, jaws, limbs and lays amniotic eggs (amniote) Animal C: Vertebral column Animal D: Vertebral column, jaws and limbs A. Identify four derived characteristics that all chordates share. B. Based on your understanding of phylogeny, map the animals and their traits onto the phylogenetic tree provided below. In your response, list each number (1-8) and indicate which trait or animal corresponds to that position on the phylogenetic tree.
1 page: Members of the Class Aves and Teleost members of the Class Osteichthyes have both undergone significant radiations. Characterize both aves and teleosts as highly derived from other vertebrates by giving examples of several unique evolutionary structures from each group.
When Charles Darwin visited the Galapagos Islands, he observed the marine iguana. He later decided that the marine iguana evolved from the terrestrial iguana found on the mainland of South America. The marine iguana differs from the terrestrial iguana in several ways. The marine iguana has a flat tail, long claws and sharp teeth while the terrestrial iguana has a round tail, short claws and flat teeth. The marine iguana became a separate species after being geographically isolated on the Galapagos Islands for several years. What type of speciation is this? * Adaptive O Allopatric Sympatric O Geographic
Tiktaalik is a fish that lived 375 million years ago that grew to three metres long and had aquatic features mixed with others more suited to life on land. The fossils of five Tiktaalik specimens reveal that the animals had a large, robust pelvic girdle, a prominent hip joint, and long hind fins. The powerful fins could have propelled the beast in the water, but also helped it walk on riverbeds, or scramble around on mudflats. It is believed that Tiktaalik evolved into four- legged land animals. The scientists have yet to find a Tiktaalik hind fin bone, or any remains that might shed light on the origins of toes. A picture of Tiktaalik is available at https://www.npr.org/2010/07/05/127937070/t human-edge-finding-our-inner-fish Describe how Darwin would explain that evolution of hind legs (of land animals) actually began as enhanced hind fins (of Tiktaalik), referring to his relevant observations and inferences (Lecture 02 History of Evolutionary Thought - slide 18). Indicate where the…