After it has been activated a G-protein _______. moves along the inside of the cell's membrane and activates enzymes binds to its receptor in the cell's nucleus and initiates translation travels in the bloodstream to its target cell and then binds to its receptor binds to a receptor on a nearby cell and then activates multiple proteins

After it has been activated a G-protein _______. moves along the inside of the cell's membrane and activates enzymes binds to its receptor in the cell's nucleus and initiates translation travels in the bloodstream to its target cell and then binds to its receptor binds to a receptor on a nearby cell and then activates multiple proteins

Biology 2e

2nd Edition

ISBN:9781947172517

Author:Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann Clark

Publisher:Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann Clark

Chapter9: Cell Communication

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1VCQ: Figure 9.8 HER2 is a receptor tyrosine kinase. In 30 percent of human breast cancers, HER2 is...

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Receptors often activate signaling molecules that are __________. This property helps to increase signaling efficiency of this pathway. bound to the plasma membrane floating in the cytosol locked in the endoplasmic reticulum inside the mitochondria all of the above
What statement about lipid-soluble signaling is FALSE. These signals often alter gene expression in the cell Requires a transporter to enter the cell Rapidly initiates long-lasting change Steroids are an example of lipid-soluble ligands O Lipid-soluble signals bind to intracellular receptors
Paracrine signaling is characterized by ligands that are __________. produced by the cell itself secreted by neighboring cells secreted by distant cells transported to distant cells secreted in inactive form
Which of the following is the best description of how a G protein coupled receptor responds to a ligand binding? O Binding of ligand to the receptor causes the G protein to swap out GTP for GDP Binding of ligand to the receptor causes the G proteins to dimerize and trigger cross-phosphorylation Binding of ligand to the receptor causes the G protein to become activated, then the G protein travels through the plasma membrane to activate an enzyme Binding of ligand to the G protein triggers it to swap out GDP for GTP, causing it to become activated OOO O
Which of the following steps occurs first in cell to cell communication? O A membrane protein changes conformation OA ligand binds to a receptor O A G-protein is activated O A docking protein is phosphorylated Previous
Cytokine receptors and tyrosine kinase receptors are similar in all of the following ways EXCEPT one. Which one is the exception? O They are both down-regulated by lysosomal degradation They both involve receptor exoplasmic domain dimerization They both result in an effector protein entering the nucleus O They both involve cytosolic domain phosphorylation
Membrane receptors bind to hydrophobic signaling molecules. T/F
Select statements that accurately describe receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs). Some RTKs are dimeric in the presence of a ligand. GTPase activity is required for autophosphorylation (cross-phosphorylation). The structure includes a transmembrane helix. The intracellular domain has kinase domains. The a subunit contains seven a helices that span the membrane. A ligand binds to the extracellular domain.
Steroid hormones ______. bind to receptors in the cytoplasm or nucleus trigger a signal transduction pathway when they bind to a receptor bind to mRNA in the cytoplasm to initiate transcription all of the above
Second messengers are needed because: Most ligands cannot enter the cell so they help transmit messages to the cell interior They speed up the rate at which cells respond to signals They catalyze transcription and translation They provide energy for signal transduction
Histamine is a chemical substance released in inflammatory and allergic response. The histamine H1 receptor is a G protein-coupled receptor that activates phospholipase C in response to the binding of histamine. Arrange the data below showing the process of histamine signal transduction from the H1 receptor. Calcium ions flow through ligand-gated ion channel. Phosphorylation cascade leads to the activation of a cellular response. Calcioum ions activate a protein, leading to a cellular response. Enzyme cleaves PIP2, forming DAG and IP3. Calcium iom concentration increases in the cytosol. IP3 binds to a ligand-gated ion channel in thw ER membrane.
Choose 1 or more than 1 Which of the following statements applies to G proteins? G protein-coupled receptors transduce signal from outside to inside the cell. G proteins are in the Golgi apparatus as indicated by their name. G proteins have a similar structure. G proteins activate transduction cascades leading to cell responses. G proteins are the targets of medicinal drugs..

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		moves along the inside of the cell's membrane and activates enzymes
		binds to its receptor in the cell's nucleus and initiates translation
		travels in the bloodstream to its target cell and then binds to its receptor
		binds to a receptor on a nearby cell and then activates multiple proteins