Ackerman and Goldsmith (2011) report that students who study from a screen (phone, tablet, or computer) tended to have lower quiz scores than students who studied the same material from printed pages. To test this finding, a professor identifies a sample n=16 of students who used the electronic version of the course textbook and determines that this sample had an average score of M=72.5 on the final exam. During the previous three years, the final exam scores for the general population of students taking the course averaged μ=77 with a standard deviation of σ=8 and formed a roughly normal distribution. The professor would like to use the sample to determine whether students studying from an electronic screen had exam scores that are significantly different from those for the general population. Assuming a two-tailed test, state the null hypothesis in a sentence that includes the two variables being examined. Using the standard four-step procedure, conduct a two-tailed hypothesis test with α=.05  to evaluate the effect of studying from an electronic screen

The Bureau of Labor Statistics reports that the official unemployment rate for Black people was 10.4% and 4.7% for White people in February 2015. Select all correct answers for this question. O The samples of white and black people are independent. The explanatory variable is the unemployment rate. The response variable is the unemployment rate. The response variable is race.

Identify whether the studies described here are based on (1) single samples, (2) paired samples, or (3) independent samples.   Cardiovascular disease risk factors are compared in husbands and wives. A nutritional exam is applied to a random sample of individuals. Results are compared to the results of the whole nation. An investigator compares vaccination histories in 30 autistic schoolchildren to a simple random sample of non-autistic children from the same school district.

An owner of an ice cream shop wants to investigate whether a new training program affects the scooping skills of ice cream shop employees. To assess this, the owner divides employees into two groups: those who receive training (CT) and those who do not (NT). The owner evaluates their scooping skills using a scooping proficiency test. The dataset includes the test scores of the NT (no training) group: 15.00, 7.00, 18.00, 10.00, 6.00, and 20.00, and the CT (trained) group: 15.00, 10.00, 14.00, 7.00, 21.00, and 21.00. The owner is aware of the known population mean for scooping proficiency, which is 20. The hypothesis is that employees who did not receive training (NT) will likely have lower scooping proficiency than the population mean. To investigate this hypothesis, the owner conducts a one-sample t-test with a significance level (alpha) set at 0.05. The objective is to determine if the mean scooping proficiency of the NT group is significantly different from the established population…