Abnoral changes in chromosome number are often from the failure of chromosomes to separate during mitosis or mmeiosis, a problem known as __. crossing over disjunction genetic displacement nondisjunction

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Short Answer 3. The pedigree shown is of a family with an X-linked recessive disease. The sex chromosomes are indicated. Individual II-2 is the result of a non-disjunction event in one of the parents. I || 1 2 XHXH XhY XhY 12 XhXhY A) If the nondisjunction event that gave rise to Il-2 occurred in the father, in which phase of meiosis did it happen? Explain your reasoning. B) Upon further testing, it is discovered that Individual 1-1 has a mild case of the disease. Please give a short explanation as to how that is possible.

The Karyotype • Karyotype [KAER-ee-oh-tihp]: To prepare a karyotype: A cell sample is collected and treated to stop The sample is stained, which produces chromosomes that is clearly visible under a microscope Chromosomes are and The autosomes are numbered, labelled as K » X }( 13 . 19 ❤. 15 20 {{ 10 16 21 on the and the sex chromosomes are 25 12 K= during 22 12 18 Su X/Y

I'm not sure of these. Any help is appreciated.

Down syndrome involves trisomy ___. (Which chromosome is affected?) 19 5 3 21 15

Hi, could your please answer this question? I'm so confused.  The following diagram (picture added) shows 2 pairs of autosomal chromosomes in a karyotype of a biological woman. Based on the karyotype, a genetic counselor determined that there is evidence that a translocation occurred between two non-homologous chromosomes. The other 21 pairs of chromosomes are NOT shown in this diagram. Assume no chromosomal aberrations occurred in the other chromosomes. As a student-researcher, what would be your answer if the genetic counselor asks you if you can determine whether the translocation occurred in a somatic cell, germ-line cell, or whether this can even be determined from the figure? provide the reasoning for your answer.

What is the difference between these two. How would the karytotype look like

Including the sex chromosomes, the chromosome number of a normal human cell is ___________ and the chromosome number of this HeLa cell is (look at picture). (Hint: Chromosome number is different from total chromosome count.)