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Risk and return
Before understanding the concept of Risk and Return in Financial Management, understanding the two-concept Risk and return individually is necessary.
Capital Asset Pricing Model
Capital asset pricing model, also known as CAPM, shows the relationship between the expected return of the investment and the market at risk. This concept is basically used particularly in the case of stocks or shares. It is also used across finance for pricing assets that have higher risk identity and for evaluating the expected returns for the assets given the risk of those assets and also the cost of capital.
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- Two altemnative machines will produce the same product, but one is capable of higher-quality work, which can be expected to return greater revenue. The following are relevant data. Determine which is the better alternative, assuming repeatability and using SL depreciation, an income-tax rate of 25%, and an after-tax MARR of 10%. Capital investment Life Machine A $20,000 12 years $3,500 Calculate the AW value for the Machine A. AWA (10%) = $(Round to the nearest dollar.) Terminal BV (and MV) Annual receipts Annual expenses Click the icon to view the interest and annuity table for discrete compounding when the MARR is 10% per year. Machine B $34,000 9 years $2,000 $144,000 $142,000 $190,000 $163,000A manufacturing firm is considering two mutually exclusive projects. Both projects have an economic service life of one year with no salvage value. The first cost or Project 1 is $1,000, and the first cost or Project 2 is $800. The net year-end revenue for each project is given as follows: Assume that both projects are statistically independent or each other.(a) If you make decisions by maximizing the expected NPW, which projectwould you select?(b) If you also consider the variance of the projects, which project would youselect?A company is looking at five different potential projects, but it can only do one of them. Which project should the company select? For this question, use the following information: Project A B. D Initial Investment -3,300 -6,500 -5,300 -7,000 -5,500 Annual Benefit 650 1,200 950 1,250 1,000 Salvage Value 150 425 300 1,000 200 Useful life 10 10 10 10 10 IRR 14.99% 13.51% 12.74% 13.26% 12.93% E-A C-A B-A D-A D-B Delta IRR 9.68% 8.88% 11.97% 11.78% 10.90% C-E B-E D-E B-C D-C Delta IRR 18.90% 16.44% 14,29% 16.79% 14.71% Which project should be selected if MARR is 10% (mutually exclusive)? A OD OB OE
- A firm is considering three mutually exclusive alternatives as part of a production improvement program. The alternatives are as follows: A B C Installed cost $8,000 $12,000 $16,000 Uniform annual benefit 1,600 1,750 2,050 Useful life, in years 10 20 20 For each alternative, the salvage value at the end of useful life is zero. At the end of 10 years, Alt. A could be replaced by another A with identical cost and benefits. (a)Construct a choice table for interest rates from 0% to 100%. (b)The MARR is 12%. If the analysis period is 20 years, which alternative should be selected?Give typing answer with explanation and conclusion A company is considering a project that would require purchasing an asset at a cost of $240,000. The project is expected to create cost savings if it is accepted. Assume the present value of salvage value is $12,000, present value of cost savings after-tax is $220,000, and PVCCATS is $60,000. What is the project's net present value?A Mountain Frost is considering a new project with an initial cost of $270,000. The equipment will be depreciated on a straight-line basis to a zero book value over the four-year life of the project. The projected net income for each year is $21,300, $22,200, $24,600, and $18.200, respectively, What is the average accounting return? Multiple Choice O O O C 14.65% 15.00% 11.99% 1712%
- A mechanical engineer at Anode Metals is considering five equivalent projects, some of which have different life expectations. Salvage value is nil for all alternatives. Assuming that the company’s MARR is 13% per year, determine which should be selected (a) if they are independent, and (b) if they are mutually exclusive. (c) Explain why your selection in part (b) is correct. First Cost, $ Net Annual Income, $/Year Life, Years A −20,000 +5,500 4 B −10,000 +2,000 6 C −15,000 3,800 6 D −60,000 +11,000 12 E −80,000 +9,000 12Its required to select one of the two machines, if you know that the firms MARR-12% and if the costs are shown below: Project A Project B Initial cost, $ 7650 12900 Maintenance cost, S/year 1200 900 Salvage value, $ 2000 Economic life, year 4 Compare the two-alternative using: 1-Equavlent Annual worth comparison. 2- Present worth comparisonA new project has an initial cost of $250,000. The equipment will be depreciated on a straight-line basis to a zero book value over the five-year life of the project. The projected net income each year is $13,250, $18,000, $20,240, $15,150, and $11,900, respectively. What is the average accounting return? Multiple Choice 11.52% 8.95% 13.46% 12.57% 5.33%
- Use the following alternatives to develop an incremental analysis choice table and answer the following questions. Alternative A Initial Cost - $15,000 Annual Revenue (Year 1-15) - $2500 Salvage Benefit (Year 15) - $2000 Alternative B Initial Cost - $25,000 Annual Revenue (Year 1-15) - $3500 Salvage Benefit (Year 15) - $5000 1. Determine the incremental rate of return IRRHigh-Low. Provide your answer as a percentage and round to the nearest hundredth. 2. Determine the internal rate of return for the higher cost alternative IRRHigh. Provide your answer as a percentage and round to the nearest hundredth. 3. Determine the internal rate of return for the lower cost alternative IRRLow. Provide your answer as a percentage and round to the nearest hundredth. Please answer all 3.1. Data for two alternatives are given in the table below. Determine the X cost of alternative B so that the two alternatives will be equally desirable. Assume an interest of 11%. Use BCR analysis. ALTERNATIVE A Cost 9500 Salvage value 1000 1600 Annual benefit 2800 3700 Life (years) 121) Acme Molding is examining five alternatives for a piece of material handling equipment. Each has an expected life of 8 years with no salvage value, and Acme's MARR is 14%. Using an incremental analysis, which material handling alternative should be chosen? The table below includes initial investment, net annual income, and IRR for each alternative. Alternative B C D Capital investment -$11,400 -$12,000 -$14,200 -S17,000 -$19,000 Net annual income $2,500 $2,650 $3,000 $3,700 $4,000 IRR 14.51% 14.72% 13.40% 14.29% 13.30%