A. Directions: Examine the following statements, then decide which evidence of evolution does it supports. Choose whether biogeography, fossil records, molecular biology, structure, or embryology. 1. Vertebrates have tails at some point in their early development.  2. Difference in the beaks of finches found in Galapagos Island compared to those that are found in mainland.  3. Diversification of marsupials and absence of other mammals in Australia. 4. Remnants of ancient ferns that are found in the continents of Africa and South America.

A. How did Charles Darwin explain his observations? 1. Species of tortoise and finch varies from island-to-island? 2. Fossil of different animals have similarities. 3. There are fossil of extinct animals.

INSTRUCTIONS: 1. On the branches of the phylogenetic tree on the back side of this worksheet, write in a unique derived trait (Autapomorphy), either anatomical or behavioral, that is used to distinguish each primate subgroup from the other taxa of primates. The points where the derived traits should be entered are labelled A1 - A6 and a written description of what is expected for each appears below and to the right of the tree. 2. On the trunk of the phylogenetic tree write in a shared derived trait (Synapomorphy) that unifies the branches (clades) of the tree which sit to the right of the trait marker (S1-S5). Again these traits can be either anatomical or behavioral and a written description of what is expected for each appears below and to the right of the tree. For both #1 and #2 you should write in at least one trait for each trait marker (A1-A6 and S1-S5) that appears on the phylogenetic tree. Make sure all entries are detailed enough to differentiate taxa and written legibly. If…

1.Based upon the mutation that your dinosaur has, are there any environmental changes in which the non-mutants would be better adapted than the mutants? If so, which? 2.Based upon the mutation that your dinosaurs have, are there any environmental changes in which the mutants would be better adapted than the non-mutants? If so, which?   Dinosaur type: Celophysis Mutation: Modification of tooth structure, causing increased specialization in diet.

3. Module 1. Ecomarobs a. Observe the morphologies of the eight different lizard species. For now, assume that you have just discovered these lizards and you don't even know if they are 8 different species or 1 species or some other number of species. You just have 8 lizards, 4 from each island. b. Following the module, group the lizards by morphology. i. How many groups did you find?_ ii. What sorts of traits or characters did you use to group the lizards? c. Then take some more careful measurements as shown and regroup them if needed. i. Did your measurements match the reference set? ii. Compare Lamellae Count, Relative Hindlimb Length, and Relative Tail Length among your specimens, and regroup your species based on these characters. iii. Did your groupings change? If so, how? iv. Watch the video to see if your conclusions match those of Dr. Losos d. Now. If this is all you knew about these lizards, how many "species" would you conclude there are? e. What sort of species definition…

Along comes Dr Phil Bell and deep in the mines of Lightning Ridge, finds an amazingly preserved pterosaur that preserves feathers. He hypothesises that this means that feathers must have evolved before the origin of dinosaurs and therefore must have been primitive. How would you go about testing this hypothesis of feather origins?

Answer with true or false for each statement: A. The Anthropocene is proposed to represent the modern era where human-generated change is extensively modifying global landscapes and climates. b. Theories for the source of common primate characteristics include an arboreal adaptation, and switching the diet from insects to plants and fruits. c. Although there are many bases, DNA ordinarily makes use of only four: guanine and cytocine, and adenine and thymine.