A scientist studying pain processing in a mouse model administers a drug that inhibits proteolytic processing of proopiomelanocortin (POMC) in the pituitary. An increased response to painful stimuli is noted in the treated animals compared to controls. The effect of the drug is due to a lack of effective levels of Group of answer choices β-endorphin ACTH Growth Hormone α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH)

Q: How can you tell epinephrine is a peptide hormone and not a steroid one by looking at the picture?

A: hormones are chemicals which are secreted by specialized organs in small quantities to produce…

Q: Define the following terms:a. second messengerb. desensitizationc. target celld. insulin…

A: Note: Since you have posted a question with multiple subparts, we will solve the first three…

Q: Consider the homozygous mutation in which a cell produces a variant of adenylate cyclase that can no…

A: A homozygous mutation is the presence of the indistinguishable mutation on the two alleles of a…

Q: hypothalamus thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) inhibition inhibition anterior pituitary…

A: Correct option is d A decrease in thyroxine level means a loss of inhibition to hypothalamus and…

Q: Explain the basis of the fact that nervous control is rapid but of short-duration, whereas hormonal…

A: The human body is a complex system of organs and organ systems. These organs systems are formed from…

Q: Which of the following is the best example of negative feedback for a steroid hormone?…

A: The endocrine system of the body releases hormones that act as chemical messengers. These chemicals…

Q: signal pathways in the body increase or decrease the signaling via a certain neurotransmitter (=…

A: The brain is made up of cells called neurons and these neurons communicate with each other which…

Q: Which one of the following best describes the characteristics of an autocrine hormone? Select one:…

A: The communications between cells occur through chemical signals. These chemical messages cannot be…

Q: Buprenorphine is a partial agonist at mu opioid receptors and is used for opioid maintenance…

A: Patient is receiving buprenorphine and naloxone is added with this drug.  Detailed solution in step…

Q: The catecholamines are released directly from axon terminals within the adrenal medulla during the…

A: The functioning of the human body is complex and it requires the coordinated action of many organ…

Q: Which of the following is NOT part of a liver cell's response to epinephrine? Phosphorylation of…

A: Humans consist of a digestive system containing organs like the stomach, liver, pancreas, large…

Q: You are studying a cell line that expresses both GPCR-A and G <-B, each receptc binds the same…

A: GPCR A increases cAMP and GPCR B decreases it. Hence any mutation affecting the GPCR B will be…

Q: List examples of paracrine chemical messengers that playa role in modulating pain or are peptide…

A: paracrine chemical messenger act on adjacent cells.

Q: What evidence support the hypothesis that dopamine controls secretion of melanocyte stimulating…

A: Melanocyte stimulating hormones are a group of peptide or neuropeptide hormones secreted from pars…

Q: Which of the following statements is truc a. Neurotransmitters must bind to a receptor to exert an…

A: Since we only answer 1 question in case of multiple question, we’ll answer the first question as the…

Q: Organophosphate poisoning is a result of excess acetylcholine at different nerves and receptors in…

A: The binding of the organophosphate molecule in the active site of the enzyme with the serine…

Q: What statement is false? Types I and type Il diabetes are characterized by high blood glucose and…

A: Diabetes is a disease which is characterised by increase in blood glucose level.

Q: Organophosphate poisoning is a result of excess acetylcholine at different nerves and receptors in…

A: Organophosphate is known as an inhibitor of the enzyme acetylcholinesterase. Acetylcholinesterase…

Q: Two GPCR mutations (Mutant A and Mutant B) were tested for activity.  One was confirmed as being a…

A: G-protein coupled receptor is the largest group of membrane receptors and is diverse in nature. It…

Q: The rate limiting enzymes for norepinephrine is respectively. Aromatic catecholaminase; serotonin…

A: Norepinephrine, commonly known as noradrenaline, is a neurotransmitter as well as a hormone. It is a…

Q: What is a side effect of long-term blocking of dopamine receptors? increasing hypofrontality…

A: Dopamine- It is a neurotransmitter that helps in communication between the neuron by realizing into…

Q: Explain the situation where the same hormone could have two opposite effects on the body using…

A: Hormones are a kind of chemical signals which are transported via blood circulation in the whole…

Q: In a hypothetical cAMP-mediated signal transduction cascade, the GTP-αs/adenylate cyclase…

A: cAMP is an intracellular secondary messenger for signal transduction which allows to pass the…

Q: An area called the diencephalon includes the thalamus, which serves as an integrating center for…

A: Endocrine glands are the glands which produce hormones. Hormones are the chemical messenger which…

Q: You work for a pharmaceutical company where you are assigned the task of creating new drug therapies…

A: Since we only answer up to 3 sub-parts, we’ll answer the first three. Please resubmit the question…

Q: What is the difference between nerve and hormone control?

A: Nervous system is composed of network of nerve cells that carry information to and from the brain,…

Q: Why is there an adverse interaction between monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) often given for…

A: Monoamine oxidase inhibitor: These are the class of antidepressant drugs. These are used to treat…

Q: Please identify the drug(s) that would be successful in treating hypothyroidism, and explain why and…

A: Hypothyroidism's thyroid hormone deficiency can interfere with things like heart rate, body…

Q: Distingish steroid from amino acid based hormones.  Which act via second messenger system?  Why must…

A: A hormone is any member of a class of signaling molecules in multicellular life forms, that are…

Q: Which of the following statements about the relationship between the nervous and endocrine systems…

A: Nervous system and endocrine systems are  co-ordinate with each other. The master of endocrine…

Q: In what ways do steroid hormones differ from peptide hormones? More than one aswer may be correct.…

A: 12.Hormones are chemical messengers of low molecular weight which are released in very trace amounts…

Q: In a breast cancer patient whose tumor cells express large amounts of estrogen receptors and are…

A: The development and management of breast cancer are significantly influenced by the estrogen…

Q: Explain how second messenger molecules work. Why use a second messenger rather than simply relying…

A: Second messengers are tiny molecules or ions, which relay signals received by cell-surface receptors…

Q: In the B-adrenergic receptor signaling pathway where desensitization occurs, what protein acts as an…

A: β-adrenergic receptors are GαS receptors, in which epinephrine acts as the ligand molecule. Agonists…

Q: Melatonin is a hormone derived from serotonin. It is produced in the brain’s light-sensitive pineal…

A: Melatonin is a hormone that is produced by the pineal gland in the human body. It is said to be…

Q: Theoretically, which of the following could be used as a "screening biomarker" for Alzheimer's…

A: Alzheimer's Disease is a kind of brain disorder that causes difficulty in thinking processes and…

Cancer Therapy