A scientist develops a new medication that is a protein compound and must be administered by injection. Which of the following would be the most effective and safest means of preparing a nearly sterile solution of the new medication? Select one: a. ultraviolet irradiation b. autoclaving c. filtration d. Lyophilization e dilution with alcohol
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A scientist develops a new medication that is a protein compound and must be administered by injection. Which of the following would be the most effective and safest means of preparing a nearly sterile solution of the new medication?
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- Choose the combination of answers that most accurately completes the statement.Detergents are a. high-level germicides c. excellent antiseptics b. low-level germicides d. used in disinfecting surgical instrumentsChoose the one answer that fits best. Which of the following statements regarding loading the well of a gel during electrophoresis is NOT correct? a. Holding the tip far above the well will make sure your solution sinks into the well properly b. Depressing the plunger too fast or too far can cause air bubbles in the well c. Depressing the plunger too fast while in the well may cause your solution to squirt out of the well d. Inserting the tip too far into the well may poke a hole into the well bottom e. You should always add glycerol to your supernatant to help your solution settle at the bottom of the wellChoose the one answer that fits best. Which of the following statements regarding the proper procedure for using Micropipettes is NOT correct? O a. You cannot use a 2-20 µl micropipette to pipet 200 µl O b. To expel all the liquid from the tip, you have to press the eject button O c. To draw up solution, press and hold the plunger at the first stop before entering the solution O d. Micropipettes always require the use of a disposable plastic tip O e. While pipetting, micropipettes should always be held as straight as possible
- Without destorying the item, how would you recommend each of the following to be sterilized. Explain each decision. a. Bottled water b. Cell phone c. Solution of vitamins d. PillowcaseWhich of the following is an approved sterilant? a. chlorhexidine c. ethylene oxide b. betadyne d. ethyl alcoholAttached below is the study about the effects of handwashing and the effectiveness of soap against bacteria. What conclusions can be generated from this result? (see rubrics for the point marking) A before washing hands C 10 second hand wash B D hot water only rinse 30 second hand wash Figure 8: Agar plates with bacteria A) before washing hands B) after rinsing hands in hot water C) After washing hands with soap for 10 seconds and D) after washing hands for 30 seconds. Images show that the number of bacteria on the plate are not greatly reduced after a hot water rinse or 10 second handwash but bacterial levels are reduced after a proper hand wash for 30 seconds.
- Which of the following describes the usefulness of a Gram stain. Select all that apply. a. A Gram stain can be used to check for bacteria at the site of a suspected infection or in certain body fluids, such as blood or urine. b. A Gram stain can be used to determine whether penicillin will be effective at treating the patient or whether a different antibiotic should be used. c. A Gram stain can determine whether the bacteria have a thick or thin layer of peptidoglycan in their cell wall.Differentiate the following sterilization techniques: a. Autoclave b. Dry heat c. Sterile filtrationDiscuss the significance of the following processes and what constituent is being determined: a. Borntragers’s test b. Bate-Smith and Metcalf method c. Wilstatter “cyanidin” test
- Match the following drug targets with the type of antibiotic that uses them (answers may be used more than once or not at all). a. Cell wall b.Cell membrane c. Protein synthesis (Transcription/Translation) d. Metabolic Pathway e. Nucleic Acid synthesis Chloramphenicol Clindamycin Erythromycin Doxycycline Sulfonamides Answer these multiple-choice questions as well. Please give just the answer and no explanation. 1. Which is not true of virus capsids?a. They surround and protect viral nucleic acidb. Always icosahedral in shapec. Remain outside of host bacterial cells while the nucleic acid is injected into the bacterial celld. Enters host animal cells together with the nucleic acid e. Made up of protein subunits called capsomeres 2. All viruses have: a. DNA b. RNAc. Envelopesd. Glycoprotein spikes e. Host specificity 3. Use the following to select the sequence of events during replication of DNA viruses in animal cells:1 = replication of viral nucleic acid2 = adsorption3…A nurse reconstituted a vial of 750 mg Cefuroxime Sodium Powder for Injection with 6mL of sterile water for injection. The reconstituted solution was dark amber-colored solution. The package insert states that solution colors range from clear to yellow depending on concentration, diluent, and storage conditions. The nurse was then hesitant to give the patient the solution due to its unusual dark color. Five portions were taken from a batch of cefuroxime sodium. Prior to testing in the instrument, each part was subjected to one of the following conditions: Conditions Specifications Temperature Portion 1: 8°C ± 2°C Portion 2: 30°C ± 2°C Portion 3: 40°C ± 2°C Light Portion 4: Kept in the dark Portion 5: Exposed to direct sunlight 1. Which form of the product – the powder for injection, the reconstituted product, or both – will you subject to the following conditions? Why do you think these forms can best address the problem?Attached below is the study about the effects of handwashing and the effectiveness of soap against bacteria. What conclusions can be generated from this result? A C before washing hands 10 second hand wash B D hot water only rinse 30 second hand wash Figure 8: Agar plates with bacteria A) before washing hands B) after rinsing hands in hot water C) After washing hands with soap for 10 seconds and D) after washing hands for 30 seconds. Images show that the number of bacteria on the plate are not greatly reduced after a hot water rinse or 10 second handwash but bacterial levels are reduced after a proper hand wash for 30 seconds.