A noiseless channel of bandwidth B=50 kHz. Determine: (a) The value of M for transmitting the QAM symbols in 800 kbps bit rate. (b) Determine the bandwidth efficiency for step (a). Discuss the result.
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- 3. Some GPS receivers use 1 bit ADCS (Analog-to-digital Converters) to sample and quantize the signal i.e. the output of the ADC is simply 2 quantization levels: -1 or +1. This is typically done to save on power. (a) What is the quantization SNR? How does it compare to typical thermal noise SNR of a GPS signal before correlating with the CDMA code? (b) Justify, how come it is possible to sample the signal using a single bit and still get good performance.3/ An analog signal is converted to a binary PCM signal and transmitted over a band-limited channel at 100 kHz. band-limited channel at 100 kHz. Thirty-two quantization levels are used. a/ Calculate the maximum bit rate that can be transmitted. b/ Calculate what is the maximum bandwidth that the analog signal can have.(7) An analog signal with a bandwidth of 4.2kHz is to be converted into binary PCM and transmitted over a channel. The peak signal to quantization ratio at the receiver output must be at least 55dB. (a) If we assume that Pg 0 and that %3D there is no ISI, what will be the word length and the number of quantization steps needed? (b) What will be the equivalent bit rate? (c) What will be the channel bandwidth required if rectangular pulse shapes are used?
- Q2/ The information in an analog signal voltage waveform is to be transmitted over a PCM system with an accuracy of ±0.1% (full scale). The analog voltage waveform has a bandwidth of 100 Hz and an amplitude range of -10 to +10 volts. Find the minimum sampling rate required. i) ii) Find minimum bit rate required in the PCM signal. Find the number of bits in each PCM word. iii) iv) Find the minimum absolute channel bandwidth required for the transmission of the PCM signal.Answer all questions below: 1. Draw the general block diagram of Frequency Division Multiplexing (FDM) 2. Multiplexing is a technique that allows the (simultaneous) transmission of multiple signals across a single data link. Figure Q2 below shows a multiplexer with four 500 kbps data stream inputs and 1 data stream output where the unit of data is 1 bit. Determine: i. ii. iii. 500 kbps The type of multiplexing technique used. The input bit duration. The output bit rate. 500 kbps 500 kbps. 500 kbps. ... ... ... 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0000 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 MUX Figure Q2 Frames 0101 0001 110100010101The information in an analog signal voltage waveform is to be transmitted over a PCM system with an accuracy of : 0.1 % of the peak-to-peak analog signal. The analog voltage waveform has a bandwidth of 43 Hz and an amplitude range of - 10 to 10 Vots. Determine the minimum bit rate fin bps) required in the PCM system? O a 688 O 774 O c 387 O d 86 Oe 258
- 3. An audio CD is created by sampling analog audio signals at a rate of 44.1 ksamples/s for each. Each sample is then encoded into a 16-bit word. What is the data rate of the resulting PCM signal? Determine also the size of data (in Mega bit unit) for 1 minute PCM signal.The information in an analog waveform, whose maximum frequency fm-4000Hz, is to be transmitted using a 16-level PAM system. The quantization must not exceed #1% of the peak-to peak analog signal. (a) What is the minimum number of bits per sample or bits per PCM word that should be used in this system? (b) What is the minimum required sampling rate, and what is the resulting bit rate? (c) What is the 16-ary PAM symbol Transmission rate?1. Write the formula to define a matrix A in VHDL with two dimensions, each element consisting of four bits. 2. Write an example of the general form of the generic function, what is the use of it? 3. Define a 16 bit variable-type signal. 4. Define a signal 5. Define a signal and give it the value "110". and give it on bit.
- (3) Five telemetry signals, each of bandwidth 1kHz, are to be transmitted simultaneously by binary PCM. The maximum tolerable error in sample amplitudes is 0.2% of the peak signal amplitude. The signals must be sampled at least 20% over the Nyquist rate. Framing and synchronizing require an additional 0.5% extra bits. Determine the minimum possible data rate that must be transmitted, and the minimum bandwidth required to transmit this signal.A digital signaling system is required to operate at 9600 bps. a. If a signal element encodes a 4-bit word, what is the minimum required band-width of the channel? b. Repeat part (a) for the case of 8-bit words.1. A) An 8-bit ADC with a reference voltage of 5V is implemented using the Counter Ramp technique. Assume the input voltage is 1.4V. How many clocks are needed to conduct a conversion? You do not need consider the sampling time. B) A 10-bit ADC with a reference voltage of 5V is implemented using the SAR technique. Assume the input voltage is 3.2V. How many clocks are needed to conduct a conversion? You do not need consider the sampling time. C) An analog signal has a maximum frequency of 300HZ, what should be the minimum sampling rate of the ADC so that the digitized data can be used to perfectly reconstruct the original analog signal? D) For an 8-bit DAC, if Vref = 6 V, and the input code is 0×4B (01001011), what is the DAC output voltage? E) A 8-bit ADC has a reference voltage of 6V. What is the max quantization error?