A maximum amplitude of 1.4 m is recorded on Wood-Anderson Seismometer at a standard Richter Station. Describe the expected damage in a city located 150 km from the earthquake epicenter.
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Civil engineering
A maximum amplitude of 1.4 m is recorded on Wood-Anderson Seismometer at a standard Richter Station. Describe the expected damage in a city located 150 km from the earthquake epicenter.
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- Large earthquakes are often preceded by a series of smaller foreshocks and a series of aftershocks. How does foreshocks occur?a) Define earthquake magnitude scale and write types of magnitude scales. b) Explain the saturation phenomena in earthquake magnitude. c) Explain how strong ground motion can be described. d) Compute the return periods corresponding to 1%, 2% and 5% probability of exceedance corresponding to 100 years.Question no 1 A)How Magnitude, Intensity and acceleration change with increasing distance from the source? B) What kind of plate boundary is associated with the deepest earthquakes, and why? Q#2. Analyse the hazard curve in figure 1 and find out the probability of exceedance of a PGA 0.1g in 50years. Design life of structure is 50years
- a. How Magnitude, Intensity and acceleration change with increasing distance from the source? b. What kind of plate boundary is associated with the deepest earthquakes, and why? BRIEFLY EXPLAINa. How Magnitude, Intensity and acceleration change with increasing distance from the source? b. What kind of plate boundary is associated with the deepest earthquakes, and why?(1) In a hypothetical seismically active region, earthquakes have been recorded over an 80-year period. Part of the record is instrumental, but part is not. Combining all available data, it appears that earthquakes have been distributed as follows: Moment Magnitude (Number of Earthquakes): 3-4 (1800) , 4-5 (150) , 5-6 (11) , >6 (1) a. Estimate the Gutenberg-Richter parameter for the region. b. Neglecting earthquakes of magnitude less than 3, compute the probability that an earthquake in the region will have a moment magnitude between 5.5 and 6.5 c. Repeat Part (b) assuming that paleoseismic evidence indicates that the region is not capable of producing earthquakes of moment magnitude greater than 6.5.
- You have a model consisting of 3 layers with seismic velocities v1, v2, v3, and thicknesses h1, h2, and h3, where h3 --> ∞a. Describe a scenario where the second layer may not be detected using refraction seismic.b. Describe a scenario where the second layer may not be detected using reflection seismic.11.3 A seismograph recording from the 1978 Magnitude 7.4 earthquake in Tabas, Iran, is shown below. Different wave patterns are observed in this seismograph. Acceleration (g) 0.5 D'D -0.5 0 10 20 30 40 Time (seconds) a) Which parts of the seismogram represent P-wave and S-wave? b) Which wave (P-wave or S-wave) arrived first? c) Which wave (P-wave or S-wave) caused the strongest shaking? d) What was the approximate peak (maximum) ground acceleration? e) What was the total recording duration in this seismograph? f) What is the approximate duration of the strongest ground shaking?1. There was an earthquake in Salt Lake City, Utah, on March 18, 2020, in the morning at 9 hours, 9 minutes, and 45 seconds Mountain Standard Time (9:9:45 MST). If the velocity of the p-wave is 7.3 km/sec and the velocity of the s-wave is 5.1 km/sec and the s-p time lag is 16 seconds, what is the distance in kilometers from Salt Lake City to the focus of the earthquake? Explain how you calculated the answer. 2. Now that you know the distance to the focus of the earthquake from Salt Lake City, when did the earthquake occur? Explain how you calculated the answer. Be careful, this question is more difficult than it appears.
- Two Seismographic stations A and B are located 200 km apart on level ground. An earthquake occurred between these two stations and the epicenter is located exactly on the line joining these two stations. The difference in time between P and S wave arrivals was 10 seconds at A and 15 seconds at B. Determine the location of epicenter from these two stations.Following are the data of a storm as recorded in a self-recording rain gauge at a station: The hyetograph of the storm are already plotted. a.) Plot the maximum intensity-duration of the storm.Over a great circle route between an earthquake epicentre off the coast of Chile and Hawaii the average depth is 100m for 150 n.m. (1 nautical mile = 1852 m), 3300m for 390 nautical miles, 4000m for 3800 nautical miles and 5200m for 1300 nautical miles. The earthquake creates a wave in a water depth of 1300m with a period of 40 min and a height, Ho, of 0.9 m. By calculating the wavelength, phase speed, and tsunami travel time for each part of the great circle route, determine the total travel time between the epicentre and endpoint of the route. Give your answer in hours, rounded to two decimal places.