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Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9780134580999
Author: Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Publisher: PEARSON
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Question
![Question 2. For your senior research, you end up studying the life cycle of an animal virus whose
genome consists of a single circular, double-stranded DNA molecule. Your project is to define the
number and location of the origin(s) of replication and to determine whether replication proceeds in
one (unidirectional) or both (bidirectional) directions away from an origin. To accomplish this, you
isolate many identical strands of DNA that have already been partially replicated. You cleave each
piece of DNA exactly once with a restriction enzyme. You then observe the cut pieces of DNA using an
electron microscope. Below is a schematic representation of what you observe. Remember that each
line represents a different piece of DNA, and not a fragment of a larger piece.
Using this data, answer the following questions:
A) How many origins of replication do you think the viral
genome has, and why do you think this?
30:
F2
#3
***
E
D
80
F3
54
$
4
F4
R
LL
%
5
F5
T
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B) Do your data support unidirectional or bidirectional
replication of the viral genome? How have you come to this
conclusion?
A
6
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F6
Y
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&
7
◄◄
F7
U
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8
J
DII
F8
-
(
9
K
DD
F9
0
)
0
L
A
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P](https://content.bartleby.com/qna-images/question/c638e160-9695-463c-9ffa-b20ca352bf45/cbfc7601-abd7-4099-bef2-926e92170847/5lv5zd_thumbnail.jpeg)
Transcribed Image Text:Question 2. For your senior research, you end up studying the life cycle of an animal virus whose
genome consists of a single circular, double-stranded DNA molecule. Your project is to define the
number and location of the origin(s) of replication and to determine whether replication proceeds in
one (unidirectional) or both (bidirectional) directions away from an origin. To accomplish this, you
isolate many identical strands of DNA that have already been partially replicated. You cleave each
piece of DNA exactly once with a restriction enzyme. You then observe the cut pieces of DNA using an
electron microscope. Below is a schematic representation of what you observe. Remember that each
line represents a different piece of DNA, and not a fragment of a larger piece.
Using this data, answer the following questions:
A) How many origins of replication do you think the viral
genome has, and why do you think this?
30:
F2
#3
***
E
D
80
F3
54
$
4
F4
R
LL
%
5
F5
T
G
B) Do your data support unidirectional or bidirectional
replication of the viral genome? How have you come to this
conclusion?
A
6
MacBook Air
F6
Y
H
&
7
◄◄
F7
U
* 00
8
J
DII
F8
-
(
9
K
DD
F9
0
)
0
L
A
F10
P
Expert Solution
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Step 1
Introduction
Replication is a process by which DNA strands synthesize a complementary strand of itself, to ensure that after cell division each new daughter strand has at least one of the parental strands.
Replication begins at a point called the origin of replication(ori). A genome can have single or multiple ori.
When replication begins at ori, a replication bubble or eye is formed. The replication proceeds from this replication bubble and continues until the whole strand is replicated.
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
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- What does it mean for viral DNA to program cells? explain in your own words as simply as possible.arrow_forwardResearchers have recently discovered giant viruses that are 1 μm in length, the same size as some bacterial cells. The genomes of these viruses contain over 2 million base pairs of DNA, which is more DNA than is found in many bacterial genomes, and their genomes contain hundreds—in some cases, thousands—of genes. Given these observations and what you know about viruses, should viruses be considered living or nonliving? Give arguments for and against considering viruses as living organisms.arrow_forwardAt which stage of viral infection did these mutations most likely occur? a.) Attachment b.) Entry c.) Uncoating d.) Protein syntheis e.) Genome replicaton f.) Assembly g.) Exitarrow_forward
- A virus that has which type of genome must carry replicase within the viral particle? (choose all that apply) ds DNA ss (+) DNA ss (–) DNA ss (+) RNA ss (–) RNA Which viral type has a genome that can be directly translated? (choose all that apply) ds DNA ss (+) DNA ss (–) DNA ss (+) RNA ss (–) RNAarrow_forwardThe same molecular process that causes antigenic drift in HIV can lead to resistance to some antiretroviral drugs used in HIV therapy. Which of the following explains why a combinationdifferent antiretroviral drugs is more effective than a single antiretroviral drug? Select ALL that apply.a).Each antiretroviral drug has a different mechanism of action and targets a different aspect of HIV replication.b).By using 3 different antiretroviral drugs at the same time, it is highly unlikely that a combination of mutations conferring drug resistance will occur at the same time.c)Administering 3 antiretroviral drugs achieves higher levels of each drug than administering just one antiretroviral drug.d).By using 3 different antiretroviral drugs, these drugs are likely to be more effective in inhibiting the same HIV enzyme than one antiretroviral drug.e),Administering 3 antiretroviral drugs is less toxic than administering one antiretroviral drug.arrow_forward
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