A First Course in Probability (10th Edition)
A First Course in Probability (10th Edition)
10th Edition
ISBN: 9780134753119
Author: Sheldon Ross
Publisher: PEARSON
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**Part 2.**

a) For the study above, assuming **differences greater than 2.0 are significant**, use the data to determine whether there are any significant main effects. **Create a table of means and show your work by computing the marginal row and column averages:**

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2b. Use your table above for part “a” to construct a graph of the results. Make sure to provide labels for the X and Y axis and for each of the variables and levels represented.

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2c. Based on a visual inspection of your graph, is there evidence for an interaction? What led you to make your decision regarding the interaction?

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2d. Describe the pattern of results you see in terms of the major variables of interest – how do age and region of the brain stimulated impact spatial navigation?
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Transcribed Image Text:**Part 2.** a) For the study above, assuming **differences greater than 2.0 are significant**, use the data to determine whether there are any significant main effects. **Create a table of means and show your work by computing the marginal row and column averages:** --- 2b. Use your table above for part “a” to construct a graph of the results. Make sure to provide labels for the X and Y axis and for each of the variables and levels represented. --- 2c. Based on a visual inspection of your graph, is there evidence for an interaction? What led you to make your decision regarding the interaction? --- 2d. Describe the pattern of results you see in terms of the major variables of interest – how do age and region of the brain stimulated impact spatial navigation?
Hypothesis Testing

**PROBLEM 1:** A researcher is interested in how brain stimulation to different brain regions and age influence spatial navigation. Each juvenile and older mouse will undergo continuous brain stimulation while navigating a complex maze. One-third of the juveniles and \( \frac{1}{3} \) of the older mice will have stimulation applied to the occipital lobe, \( \frac{1}{3} \) of younger and older mice will receive stimulation in the frontal lobes and the remaining \( \frac{1}{3} \) of young and old mice will receive stimulation in the hippocampus. The researcher measures how quickly (time in seconds) the older and younger mice successfully navigate through the complex maze to obtain a food reward. Average times to complete the maze are reported below. The researcher will use these values to determine whether there is a difference in maze completion time according to the age of the mouse and the stimulation region in the brain. The data appear to be normally distributed in her histogram and there is no indication of outliers. Here are the average times recorded for each condition:

- **Group A** (Younger, Occipital Lobe Stimulation): 40 seconds
- **Group B** (Older, Occipital Lobe Stimulation): 50 seconds
- **Group C** (Younger, Frontal Lobe Stimulation): 30 seconds
- **Group D** (Older, Frontal Lobe Stimulation): 45 seconds
- **Group E** (Younger, Hippocampus Stimulation): 25 seconds
- **Group F** (Older, Hippocampus Stimulation): 30 seconds

**Part 1. For the study above, please do the following:**

a) **Identify the Independent Variable(s):**

b) **Identify the number of levels for the IV(s):**

c) **Identify the Dependent Variable(s):**

d) **Name the Design:**

e) **Identify the appropriate statistical test you would carry out to analyze the data:**

f) **In this design, are main effects possible? If so, identify indicate how many main effects are possible and name them (in other words, what variables do the main effects represent: “a possible main effect of…”)**
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Transcribed Image Text:Hypothesis Testing **PROBLEM 1:** A researcher is interested in how brain stimulation to different brain regions and age influence spatial navigation. Each juvenile and older mouse will undergo continuous brain stimulation while navigating a complex maze. One-third of the juveniles and \( \frac{1}{3} \) of the older mice will have stimulation applied to the occipital lobe, \( \frac{1}{3} \) of younger and older mice will receive stimulation in the frontal lobes and the remaining \( \frac{1}{3} \) of young and old mice will receive stimulation in the hippocampus. The researcher measures how quickly (time in seconds) the older and younger mice successfully navigate through the complex maze to obtain a food reward. Average times to complete the maze are reported below. The researcher will use these values to determine whether there is a difference in maze completion time according to the age of the mouse and the stimulation region in the brain. The data appear to be normally distributed in her histogram and there is no indication of outliers. Here are the average times recorded for each condition: - **Group A** (Younger, Occipital Lobe Stimulation): 40 seconds - **Group B** (Older, Occipital Lobe Stimulation): 50 seconds - **Group C** (Younger, Frontal Lobe Stimulation): 30 seconds - **Group D** (Older, Frontal Lobe Stimulation): 45 seconds - **Group E** (Younger, Hippocampus Stimulation): 25 seconds - **Group F** (Older, Hippocampus Stimulation): 30 seconds **Part 1. For the study above, please do the following:** a) **Identify the Independent Variable(s):** b) **Identify the number of levels for the IV(s):** c) **Identify the Dependent Variable(s):** d) **Name the Design:** e) **Identify the appropriate statistical test you would carry out to analyze the data:** f) **In this design, are main effects possible? If so, identify indicate how many main effects are possible and name them (in other words, what variables do the main effects represent: “a possible main effect of…”)**
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