A Five (5) ohm loudspeaker is connected to the output of a two-stage amplifier, supplied by a Ten (10) volts source with internal impedance Two (2) ohms. Given that the output of stage one of the amplifier feeds into the input of stage two and that each amplifier stage consists of an emitter biased BJT with the following parameters: i. Input impedance: 34 ii. Reverse voltage gain: -8 Forward current gain: and iv. Output admittance: Determine the power produced in the speaker.

QUESTION 1 Design a high efficiency 3.3 V, 5A d.c.to d.c. power converter from a 4 to 5.5 Vdc source. The maximum allowable inductor current ripple and output voltage ripple are 0.1A and 20 mV, respectively. Assume a switching frequency of 20 kHz. a) Design a suitable converter power circuit using a MOSFET switch, showing all calculation of inductor and capacitor values and drawing a circuit diagram of the final design including component values. Indicate the peak inverse voltage and forward current rating of any diode required, and the maximum drain- source voltage of the MOSFET. b) On the Schematic diagram, draw the path of the current flow during the ON time and the OFF time. c) Describe the effect of changing the values of the inductor and the capacitor in the circuit. d) What is the effect of switching frequency in the circuit? e) Draw the schematic diagram of a circuit with the output voltage higher than the input voltage.

3) Explain the construction, principle of operation, circuit and applications of Variable reluctance transducer with neat diagrams. 4) Describe the construction of LVDT and explain its principle of operation with the aid of diagram, list the advantages, disadvantages and applications of LVDT.

1. The DC-DC converter has several circuit configurations. a) (Draw a simple connection of IGBT switch, diode and inductor that can discriminate between Buck, Boost and Buck-Boost converter circuits respectively.) b) ('A Boost converter produces an output voltage, Vo that is more than or equal to the input voltage, Vi. Based on this statement develop the equation for the relationship between Vo Viand D. where D represents the duty ratio. You can use any suitable diagram to illustrate your answer.)