A cross was made between a plant that has blue flowers and purple seeds and a plant with white flowers and green seeds. The F1 generation was then allowed to self-fertilize. The following data were obtained
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A cross was made between a plant that has blue flowers and purple seeds and a plant with white flowers and green seeds. The F1 generation was then allowed to self-fertilize. The following data were obtained.
F1 Generation: All offspring have blue flowers with purple seeds.
F2 Generation: 208 blue flowers, purple seeds
13 blue flowers, green seeds
19 White flowers, purple seeds
60 white flowers, green seeds
Total: 300
The scientist needs to test if the two genes segregate independently and has formulated the null-hypothesis that there is no significant difference between the observed and expected data.
What are the degrees of freedom for this experiment?
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- A cross was made between a plant that has blue flowers and purpleseeds and a plant with white flowers and green seeds. The F1 generationwas then allowed to self-fertilize. The following data were obtained:F1 generation: All offspring have blue flowers with purple seeds.F2 generation: 208 blue flowers, purple seeds; 13 blue flowers,green seeds; 19 white flowers, purple seeds; and 60 white flowers,green seeds. Total = 300 offspring.Start with the hypothesis that blue flowers and purple seeds aredominant traits and that the two genes assort independently.Calculate a chi square value. What does this value mean withregard to your hypothesis? If you decide to reject your hypothesis,which aspect of the hypothesis do you think is incorrect (i.e., blueflowers and purple seeds are dominant traits, or the idea that thetwo genes assort independently)?A cross was made between two strains of plants that are agriculturallyimportant. One strain was disease-resistant but herbicide-sensitive;the other strain was disease-sensitive but herbicide-resistant. Aplant breeder crossed the two plants and then allowed the F1 generation to self-fertilize. The following data were obtained:F1 generation: All offspring are disease-sensitive andherbicide-resistantF2 generation: 157 disease-sensitive, herbicide-resistant57 disease-sensitive, herbicide-sensitive54 disease-resistant, herbicide-resistant20 disease-resistant, herbicide-sensitiveTotal: 288Formulate a hypothesis that you think is consistent with the observeddata. Test the goodness of fit between the data and your hypothesisusing a chi square test. Explain what the chi square results meanUse the image to observe the results of a cross between a tall pea plant and a short pea plant. What phenotypes and proportions will be produced for the two crosses? P generation Tall Tt Gametes Tt F₁ generation T Fertilization Tt t Tall tt Short Tt Tall tt tt Short Conclusion (a) Short (b) Genotypic ratio 1Tt:1tt Phenotypic ratio 1 tall: 1 short Tall F₁ progeny backcrossed to the short parent Answer Bank one-fourth tall and three-fourths short one-half tall and one-half short three-fourths tall and one-fourth short Tall F₁ progeny backcrossed to the tall parent all tall all shor
- The image shows a pair of homologous chromosomes from a single parent before gamete production. M1 and M2 are maternal chromosomes, while P1 and P2 are paternal chromosomes. Two traits are shown: D represents seed color (D – green, d – yellow), while F represents flower color (F – purple, f – white). These two traits follow the patterns of basic Mendelian genetics. During crossing-over between the M2 F allele and the P1 f allele, a mutation occurred and the portion of P1 did not reattach to the chromosome. Which of the following explains what would happen to the proportion of white flowers in a population resulting from this mutation? A - There would be an increase in the proportion of white flowers because the f allele is distributed to more gametes. B - There would be a decrease in the proportion of white flowers because the f allele is not distributed to as many gametes. C - There would be an increase in the proportion of white flowers because the f allele would not be masked by the…Consider a cross between a true breeding purple flowered pea plant (genotype PP) and a true breeding white flowered pea plant (genotype pp) that produces all heterozygous F1 offspring. An F1 intercross is conducted between two of the F1 offspring, resulting in the F2 generation. What is the expected genotpye outcome of the F2 individuals resulting from the F1 intercross? 1PP: 2Pp: 1pp 1PP: 1Рp: 1pp 100% Pp 1PP: 1pp 100% ppA cross in plants is done between the parents CCDD and ccdd to create a dihybrid F1 plant. This F1 plant was subsequently test crossed to a ccdd plant and you find the the progeny as follows: 40% CD 40% cd 10% Cd 10% cD If you did a similar experiment in which the parents were changed to ccDD and CCdd, what percentage of the test cross progeny would have the cd phenotype? 40% 80% 10% 20%
- A dihybrid cross of two plants is done and the seed pod shape is examined. The seed stock was pure, both always made triangular pods. The pod shape is known to be controlled by two independently assorting genes. You cross the plants and produce an F1 generation, and all the seed pods are triangular. Then you cross the F1 plants to each other in three independent experiments and the F2 data is presented in Table 1. Explain the type of epistasis that is event in this data. Suggest a molecular mechanism that can explain this type of gene interaction. Table 1 Experimental results of Plant Crosses Ovoid pods Triangular pods Experiment 1 38 162 Experiment 2 42 173 Experiment 3 32 153One strain of periwinkleplants has green leaves and another strain has white leaves. Bothstrains are true-breeding. You do not know if the phenotypicdifference is due to alleles of a nuclear gene or an organellar gene.The two strains were analyzed using reciprocal crosses, and thefollowing results were obtained:A plant with green leaves is pollinated by a plant with whiteleaves: all offspring have green leaves.A plant with white leaves is pollinated by a plant with greenleaves: all offspring have white leaves. Is this pattern of inheritance consistent with simple Mendelianinheritance, where green is dominant to white, and/or is it consistentwith maternal inheritance?REad and analyzed the following genetic problem. Show complete solution (Genotypes of P, Punnet Square and GR,PR). 1. In the garden peas, green pod color is dominant over yellow pods. Also, round seed shape is dominant over wrinkled seed. Cross fertilization was done between a pea that is homozygous dominant for pod color with heterozygous round shape and another pea that is heterozygous for both pod color and seed shape. Determine the genotypic and phenotypic ratio of teh offspring.
- A snapdragon with pink petals, black anthers, and longstems was allowed to self-fertilize. From the resultingseeds, 650 adult plants were obtained. The phenotypesof these offspring are listed here.78 red long tan26 red short tan44 red long black15 red short black39 pink long tan13 pink short tan204 pink long black68 pink short black5 white long tan2 white short tan117 white long black39 white short blacka. Using P for one allele and p for the other, indicatehow flower color is inherited.b. What numbers of red : pink : white would havebeen expected among these 650 plants?c. How are anther color and stem length inherited?d. What was the genotype of the original plant?e. Do any of the three genes show independentassortment?f. For any genes that are linked, indicate the arrangements of the alleles on the homologous chromosomes in the original snapdragon, and estimate thedistance between the genesA genetic cross was made between two types of pea plants. One type produces round and green seeds, while the other type produces wrinkled and yellow seeds. A plant breeder crossed these two types and then allowed the F1 generation to self-fertilize. The following data were obtained: F1 generation: all produce wrinkled and yellow seeds. F2 generation: 157 produce wrinkled and yellow seeds 57 produce wrinkled and green seeds 54 produce round and yellow seeds 20 produce round and green seeds a) Propose a hypothesis that you think is consistent with the observed data. b) Test the goodness of fit between the data and your hypothesis using a chi square test. c) Explain what your calculated chi square results mean.Shakira, after successfully cross-pollinating gerber daisies decides the same process will work with four o'clock flowers. She crosses a purple flowered plant with a white flowered plant and ends up with the following results in the offspring. Why did the four o'clock flower plant give three phenotypes instead 2? 7:26