—A 40 year old male has just been diagnosed with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, better known as Lou Gehrig’s Disease. A recent MRI has shown significant demyelination of the gracile nucleus of the dorsal columnar-medial lemniscal pathway. Describe the physiology of this pathway and discuss what neurological deficits this patient will experience due to his lesion.

Cerebrospinal fluid flows in the space between the: 45 arachnoid and pia mater dura mater and pia mater periosteum and pia mater arachnoid and dura mater periosteum and dura mater

AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM STRUCTURE   FUNCTION(S)/CHARACTERISTIC(S)         SYMPATHETIC DIVISION         1 Preganglionic neuron   2 Postganglionic neuron   3 Gray horns of the spinal cord   4 Dorsal Roots of the spinal cord   5 Ventral Roots of the spinal cord   6 Dorsal Rami   7 Ventral Rami   8 White ramus communicans   9 Gray ramus communicans   10 Sympathetic trunk ganglion     (Paravertebral ganglia)   11 Superior cervical ganglion   12 Middle cervical ganglion   13 Inferior cervical ganglion   14  14a  14b  14c Prevertebral ganglia             Celiac ganglion             Superior mesenteric ganglion             Inferior mesenteric ganglion           PARASYMPATHETIC DIVISION         15 Preganglionic neuron   16 Postganglionic neuron   17 CN III Oculomotor nerve   18 CN VII Facial nerve…

"My Leg is on Fire": A Case Study on Spinal and Peripheral Nerve Anatomy Sarah Mitchell is a 68-year-old female who is normally healthy. However, about five days ago she began to feel very fatigued and started to experience a burning and tingling sensation on her right thigh. You ask to see the area and upon visual inspection you notice 3–4 small, red, swollen areas with vesicles on the posterior aspect of her right thigh. She describes the pain to you, saying “it feels like the back of my leg is on fire and it hurts so bad.” She denies being exposed to any excessive heat sources, any changes in her diet, and any changes in the type of body soap, lotion, or laundry detergent she is using. All other physical findings are within normal limits, but her oral temperature is 100.6˚F. She complains about being under a lot of stress for the past three months because she has been helping take care of her husband, who is in the end stages of Alzheimer’s disease. She has no known drug allergies,…

A patient with a stroke cannot gaze conjugately to the left and has a spastic paralysis of the right arm and leg. What single lesion could explain the findings? What are the main motor system diseases that result from lesions affecting the functions of 1) the cerebellum and 2) the basal ganglia? What are the functions of the main lobes of cerebrum?