8. Phosphate buffered saline (PBS) is often used as an isotonic solution to keep cells happy and alive. Though recipes vary, PBStypically contains 157 mM Na* and 4.5 mM K+, yet inside of the cell that ratio is switched (there is approximately 150 mM K*and only about 10 mM Nat). Why is PBS still considered isotonic? That is, why does putting cells into PBS not create a lot ofosmotic pressure?

Osmosis is the movement of water across the semipermeable membrane driven by the difference in…

Answered: 8. Phosphate buffered saline (PBS) is…

Biochemistry

9th Edition

ISBN:9781319114671

Author:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.

Publisher:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.

Chapter1: Biochemistry: An Evolving Science

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1P

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4. The normal osmolarity and glucose level of plasma are 300mmol/L and 1g/L, respectively. Estimate the difference between the osmotic pressure of the plasma of a diabetic patient, who has a glucose level of 8g/L, and a patient that has a normal glucose level. Provide the result in atmospheres and meters of water. Ignoring possible physiological compensation mechanisms, what would you expect to happen to the body cells? How would the cells compensate if they could?
7. Use your knowledge of osmosis to explain your experimental results. Hint: The tubing is made of a selectively permeable membrane, so you know osmo- sis must have happened, but you should explain the situation in terms of molecules moving into and out of the tube. 8. A salt solution that contains 20% salt contains 80 % water. 9. If you were told that a type of cell contained about 2% salt, what would happen if you put the cells into a solution of 18% saline? It would swell because 18076 of Saline is cn hypotonic solution and cell hes salt concentration and low water but in saline low salt and high water is present so th water will enter the cell by osmosis and swells up the cell.
1.Base on your understanding of plant and animal cell osmosis, what condition do you think plant cells prefer? 2. What condition do you think animal cells prefer? Consider the question: How is solute concentration related to the change in the weight of plant cells (like potato cells)? 5. Write a hypothesis from the above question. Write one if statement and make three predictions(then statements) regarding how the cell will change (weight) in (1) hypertonic,(2) hypotonic, and (3) isotonic conditions:
1. An artificial membrane with a pore size of 24 Angstrom (Å) separates two chambers (X and Y) in glassware containing equal amounts of fluid. a. 2.0 M NaCI is present in chamber X, whereas 5 percent KI is present in chamber Y. (Na diameter: 1.96 Å; Cl diameter: 3.7 Å; KI diameter: 2.8 Á) Y b. The albumin in chamber X is 3%, whereas the potato starch in chamber Y is 2%. (Albumin diameter: 38 Å; Starch: 3O0k -1 million Å)
4. A cell with a selectively permeable membrane is in a solution. Urea can diffuse through the membrane (by passive diffusion in either direction) but ions such as Na*, Cl¯ and K* cannot. Which of the following is correct? Urea Urea K Urea K Inside of cell Naci Urea K K Naci Naci K+ Urea K+ Urea Urea Urea Solution Urea Naci Urea K+ K+ Selectively permeable Urea NaCl Urea NaCl K Urea NaCl K non-penetrating Naci non-penetrating Urea penetrating membrane A. The solution is hypoosmotic and hypotonic relative to the cell, and the net movement of water is towards the cell B. The solution is hyperosmotic and hypotonic relative to the cell, and the net movement of water is towards the cell C. The solution is isoosmotic and isotonic relative to the cell, and the net movement of water is null D. The solution is hypoosmotic and hypertonic relative to the cell, and the net movement of water is towards the solution E. The solution is isoosmotic and hypertonic relative to the cell, and the net…
3. Osmosis is also part of the colligative properties of a solution. This time, we are going to relate it using the red blood cells and the different types of solutions namely hypertonic, hypotonic and isotonic solution. Answer the following questions: a. What is the movement of solute particles in osmosis? b. What happens to the sizes of the following red blood cells with the different types of solutions? i. Hypertonic solution ii. Hypotonic solution_ i. Isotonic solution 4. Enumerate at least 3 – 5 practical applications of colligative properties in everyday lives
Which of the following treatments would be most useful in removing integral membrane proteins from a membrane sample? change the pH add a detergent add salts add proteases
1. Presented below is an image of a semipermeable sac, containing 4% NaCl, 9% glucose, and 10% albumin, suspended in a solution with the following composition: 10% NaCl, 10% glucose, and 40% albumin. Assume the sac is permeable to all substances except albumin. Using the key choices, insert the letter indicating the correct event in the answer blanks. Key Choices: A. Moves into the sac B. Moves out of the Solution contains: sac C. Does not move 10% Naci 10% Glucose _1. Glucose 40% Albumin _2. Water 3. Albumin _4. Sodium Chloride -Sac contains: 4% Naci 9% Glucose 10% Albumin
6. As a demonstration, an artificial cell consisting of an aqueous solution enclosed in a semi permeable membrane is placed into a beaker containing a different solution. The membrane is permeable to water and to monosaccharide's glucose and fructose but completely impermeable to the disaccharide sucrose. The concentration of each cell is described in the diagram below. 0.03M Sucrose 0.02M Glucose 0.01M Sucrose 0.01M Glucose 0.01M Fructose a. Which solute(s) will exhibit a net diffusion into the cell? Explain. b. Which solute(s) will exhibit a net diffusion out of the cell? Explain. C. Which solution is hypertonic, the cell or the solution? Explain.
Ethanol or Lactic acid G3P Руruvat Glucose G3P Руruvat Acetyl-CoA Citric Acid Охaloacetate
When the potato cube is surrounded by a hypotonic solution what change in mass occurs in the potato cells?
You are working on a team that is designing a new drug. For this drug to work, it must enter the cytoplasm of specific target cells. Which of the following would be a factor that determines whether the molecule selectively enters the target cells? O the phospholipid composition of the target cells' plasma membrane O the nonpolar, hydrophobic nature of the drug molecule the similarity of the drug molecule to other molecules that are transported into the target cells the concentration of the drug molecule that is transported in the blood Submit Request Answer

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