50. A diabetic suffers from chronic thirst because: A. elevated p[glucose] causes chronic ADH release B. elevated p[glucose] causes decreased ADH release C. elevated p[glucose] causes decreased extracellular osmotic pressure D. elevated p[glucose] causes decreased p[solute] E. None of the above is correct.

an hour after a meal, which TWO of the following best describes your physiological state? (must have both answers correct) A. liver cells removing glucose from the blood B. glucagon levels high C. liver cells releasing glucose into the blood D. insulin levels high

People with untreated diabetes mellitus are unable to prevent starvation despite the large amount of glucose surrounding their cells; as if that isn't bad enough, dehydration is also a problem. 1. Explain why there is glucose in the urine of such people, why glucose is not present in the urine of normal people, and why diabetics become dehydrated.

Hyperaldosteronism (excessive aldosterone release) can be caused by many disease states including tumours in the adrenal gland. By now, we should be familiar with how this will affect sodium balance and blood pressure, but how would hyperaldosteronism affect potassium levels and why? Select one potassium effect (a or b) and one cause (c-f). a. The patient will become hyperkalemic. O b. The patient will become hypokalemic. O c. Aldosterone increases sodium reabsorption in the proximal tubule. Increased sodium reabsorption increases water reabsorption, which then establishes a concentration gradient to increase potassium reabsorption. Od. Aldosterone increases sodium reabsorption in the collecting duct. Increased sodium reabsorption increases water reabsorption, which then establishes a concentration gradient to increase potassium reabsorption. O e. Aldosterone increases sodium reabsorption in the collecting duct by increasing expression of EnaCs, sodium/potassium exchangers, and…

With keto acidosis associated with diabetes, which factor is decreased?(select all that apply) a. Renal secretion of H+ b. Plasma H c. Plasma pH d. Blood volume e. HCO3-levels

80. An investigator is studying the effects of a hormone in two groups of experimental animals. During a 2-hour period, Group X receives an infusion of 0.9% saline and Group Y receives an infusion of the hormone. The following findings are recorded: Pulse Mean arterial blood pressure Serum Glucose Free fatty acids Plasma renin Group Y most likely received which of the following hormones? A) ADH (vasopressin) B) Aldosterone C) Cortisol D) Epinephrine E) Glucagon F) Growth hormone G) Thyroxine (T4) Group X 380/min 120 mm Hg 80 mg/dL 3.5 μEq/L 2.5 ng/mL/h Group Y 550/min 150 mm Hg 130 mg/dL 7.5 μEq/L 18 ng/mL/h

Which adipokine is expressed at higher levels in obese individuals?  a. insulin b. growth hormone  c. angiotensin II d. leptin  e. follicle stimulating hormone

If one were to infuse lactate into the blood stream during exercise via an I.V. catheter, which of the following physiological events would be observed?    a. A significant increase in the burning sensation experienced in the lungs during rigorous exercise   b. A decrease in exercise time to exhaustion (fatigue faster)   c. An increase in liver gluconeogenic activity    d. All of the above    e. Only A and B are correct

Compounds resulting from the metabolism of parcetamol that can cause a toxic reaction in the form of hepatotoxicity are....A. sulfhydrylB. salicylic acidC. sulfanilamideD. PABAE. NAPQI Excretion of cyclopropane occurs in...A. skinB. lungsC. all answers are correctD. bileE. kidney

32-The most serious complication of diabetes mellitus is; A. Weight gain B. Delayed wound healing OC. Hypoglycemia D. Kidney failure