5. Which of the following arrangements lists the structures from largest to smallest? (Highlight the correct answer) (1) gene - chromosome - nucleus (2) gene - nucleus – chromosome (3) nucleus - gene - chromosome (4) nucleus - chromosome - gene

4.) During DNA replication, the two strands of DNA are pried apart and then serve as templates for synthesis of new strands. However, there are some big differences in how the two strands are copied. Why is this so? Please describe in 4-5 sentences of your own words how replication proceeds on the two strands. 5.) During meiosis, when crossing-over occurs between two homologous chromosomes, it does not happen at a single point, but rather two points with a stretch of DNA in between. What are the two junction points called? b. What is the region between the two points called and what is different about this region compared to how double-stranded DNA usually is? c. If the region described in b.) is located within a gene and the two homologues have different alleles of this gene, what might happen that is a direct violation of Mendel's first law? (Describe the process with 2-3 sentences of detail.) a.

2. If you were observing the chromosomes during metaphase I of meiosis, you would see that the chromosomes are arranged as Dunwound thin strands of chromatin O homologous pairs of chromosomes O single chromosomes O unpaired duplicated chromosomes

1. In the simple picture below we are focusing on the chromosomes. Notice that the chromosomes are condensed and the nuclear membrane and spindles are not shown. a. Please label the following and indicate with arrow(s): sister chromatids, a pair of homologous chromosomes, a centromere. b. Label the part of diagram that indicates a double helical molecule of DNA and highlight it with a thick line. c. How many molecules of DNA are shown in this picture? d. Is this cell haploid or diploid (circle one). How do you know? e. Below the diagram, indicate the ploidy (number of sets of information) and the number of chromosomes X n= ploidy (# of sets of information) X X M # of 2. The circle below represents the cell cycle. chromosomes a. Write the phases (G1, G2, M and S) in the appropriate sections. b. Which phase results in identical sister chromatids? c. In which phase do sister chromatids separate?