4. Calcium carbonate decomposes upon heating to calcium oxide and carbon dioxide according to the following reaction: Caco:(s) → Ca(s) + CO2(g) A sample of calcium carbonate is decomposed and the carbon dioxide is collected in a 250 mL flask. After the decomposition is complete, the gas has a pressure of 1.3 atm and a temperature of 31 °C. How many moles of carbon dioxide gas was generated
Ideal and Real Gases
Ideal gases obey conditions of the general gas laws under all states of pressure and temperature. Ideal gases are also named perfect gases. The attributes of ideal gases are as follows,
Gas Laws
Gas laws describe the ways in which volume, temperature, pressure, and other conditions correlate when matter is in a gaseous state. The very first observations about the physical properties of gases was made by Robert Boyle in 1662. Later discoveries were made by Charles, Gay-Lussac, Avogadro, and others. Eventually, these observations were combined to produce the ideal gas law.
Gaseous State
It is well known that matter exists in different forms in our surroundings. There are five known states of matter, such as solids, gases, liquids, plasma and Bose-Einstein condensate. The last two are known newly in the recent days. Thus, the detailed forms of matter studied are solids, gases and liquids. The best example of a substance that is present in different states is water. It is solid ice, gaseous vapor or steam and liquid water depending on the temperature and pressure conditions. This is due to the difference in the intermolecular forces and distances. The occurrence of three different phases is due to the difference in the two major forces, the force which tends to tightly hold molecules i.e., forces of attraction and the disruptive forces obtained from the thermal energy of molecules.
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**4. Decomposition of Calcium Carbonate**
Calcium carbonate decomposes upon heating to form calcium oxide and carbon dioxide as shown in the reaction:
\[ \text{CaCO}_3(s) \rightarrow \text{CaO}(s) + \text{CO}_2(g) \]
A sample of calcium carbonate is decomposed, and the carbon dioxide gas is collected in a 250 mL flask. After the decomposition is complete, the gas exhibits a pressure of 1.3 atm and a temperature of 31°C. Calculate the number of moles of carbon dioxide gas generated.
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**5. Density of Carbon Tetrachloride Vapor**
Determine the density (in g/L) of carbon tetrachloride (CCl₄) vapor at a pressure of 728 mm Hg and a temperature of 120°C.
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**6. Molar Mass of an Unknown Gas**
A 2.50 g sample of an unknown gas occupies a volume of 875 mL at a pressure of 685 mm Hg and a temperature of 35°C. Calculate the molar mass of the unknown gas.](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2F1bbb6bc4-7613-4ca2-bd6f-1a9e5f2e7def%2Fa95d69d2-3d3a-4f14-83ce-ea2fc48496bf%2F3ikwmr8_processed.jpeg&w=3840&q=75)
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