3. The allele b gives Drosophila flies a black body and b+ gives brown, the wild-type phenotype. The allele wx of a separate gene gives waxy wings and wx+ gives nonwaxy, the wild-type phenotype. The allele cn of a third gene gives cinnabar eyes and cn+ gives red, the wild-type phenotype. A female heterozygous for these three genes is testcrossed, and 1000 progeny are classified as follows: 5 wild type; 6 black, waxy, cinnabar; 69 waxy, cinnabar; 67 black; 382 cinnabar; 379 black, waxy; 48 waxy; and 44 black, cinnabar. Are these three genes linked? If so, draw a map of the chromosomes in the heterozygous parent, showing the order, arrangement, and map distance between the linked genes.
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- 0. In Drosophila, the gene for cinnabar eye color is onchromosome 2, and the gene for scarlet eye color is onchromosome 3. A fly homozygous for both recessivecinnabar and scarlet alleles (cn/cn; st/st) is white-eyed.a. If male flies (containing chromosomes with thenormal gene order) heterozygous for cn and st allelesare crossed to white-eyed females homozygous forthe cn and st alleles, what are the expected phenotypes and their frequencies in the progeny?b. One unusual male heterozygous for cn and st alleles,when crossed to a white-eyed female, produced onlywild-type and white-eyed progeny. Explain the likelychromosomal constitution of this male.c. When the wild-type F1 females from the cross withthe unusual male were backcrossed to normal cn/cn;st/st males, the following results were obtained:wild type 45%cinnabar 5%scarlet 5%white 45%Diagram a genetic event at metaphase I that couldproduce the rare cinnabar or scarlet flies among theprogeny of the wild-type F1 females.1.In Drosophila melanogaster body color is controlled by one gene while wing shape is controlled by a second gene. Gray body color is dominant to black body color, and normal wings are dominant to vestigial wings. Flies homozygous for gray body color and vestigial wings are crossed with flies homozygous for black body color and normal wings. A.compare the possible f2 generation genotypes and phenotypes and proportions if these two traits. B.How does your answer change if one of the original parents is homozygous for gray body color and normal wings while the other has black body color and vestigial wings?5. In Drosophila flies, the allele b gives a black body, and the allele b* gives brown, the wild-type phenotype. The allele wx of a separate gene gives waxy wings, and wx" gives non-waxy. The allele cn of a third gene gives cinnabareyes, and cn* gives red. Afemale heterozygous for these three genes is testcrossed, and 700 progenies are produced which are phenotypically classified as follows: 3 b* wx* cn* 63 b wx*cn+ 25 b* wx cn* 2 b wx cn 252 b* wx* cn 33 b wx* cn 75 b* wx cn 247 b wx cn* Make a linkage map of the three genes. Compute for interference and explain what the derived value means. Show complete solutions to support your answers.
- 4. In Drosophila melanogaster, a yellow-bodied (dark coloured) male with vestigial (underformed) wings is crossed to a wildtype female (brown body, red eyes). The F1 generation are all wildtypes. An F1 male and female are crossed and the F2 progeny consists of 16 vestigial-winged males with yellow bodies, 48 yellow males with normal wings, 15 males with vestigial wings and yellow bodies, 49 wildtype males, 31 vestigial winged females with brown bodies and 97 wildtype females. Explain the inheritance pattern of the 2 genes.6. In Drosophila, Bar eyes (B) is dominant trait located on the X chromosome, apterous wings (ap) are a recessive trait located on chromosome 2, and ebony body color (e) is a recessive trait located on chromosome 3. A homozygous Bar eyed, apterous female is mated to a homozygous ebony male. The F1 flies are crossed. In the F2 generation, at what frequency will Bar eyed, apterous, and ebony males be observed? а. 3/64 b. 1/64 с. О d. 9/64 е. 1/32 f. 3/325. The following recessive traits are found in fruit flies: vermilion eyes are recessive to red eyes, miniature wings are recessive to long wings, and sable body is recessive to gray body. A cross was made between true breeding wild-type males with true breeding females for vermilion eyes, miniature wings and sable bodies. All of the F1 generation are heterozygous and had the wild-type phenotype. The females from this cross were then test-crossed to males with vermilion eyes, miniature wings, and sable bodies. The progeny was examined and the outcome is as follows: a) Phenotype Red eyes, Miniature wings, Sable body Vermilion eyes, Long wings, Sable body Vermilion eyes, Miniature wings, Sable body Red eyes, Long wings, Sable body Vermilion eyes, Miniature wings, Gray body Red eyes, Long wings, Gray body Red eyes, Miniature wings, Gray body Vermilion eyes, Long wings, Gray body Number of Progeny 18 112 308 66 59 321 102 15 Using proper nomenclature, calculate the map distance between the…
- 4. In Drosophila, three autosomal, recessive mutations are ebony body (e), sepia eye color (s), and hairless bristles (h). A female fly heterozygous at all loci was testcrossed with an ebony, sepia, hairless male; the progeny are shown below. Using the gene symbols stated åbove, answer the following questions. Phenotype Observed # of offspring Ebony sepia, hairless ebony, sepia 57 53 344 346 ral Hairless ebony, hairless Sepia wild type ebony, sepia, hairless Total offspring 11 9. 89 91 1000 A. Give the genotypes of the flies in the testcross. Write the answer using the gene symbols stated above and using proper notation. B. Deduce the linkage map showing all distances among the three genes. C. Calculate the interference. Show all work.2. a. A Drosophila male from a true-breeding stockwith scabrous eyes was mated with a female from atrue-breeding stock with javelin bristles. Both scabrous eyes and javelin bristles are autosomal recessive mutant traits. The F1 progeny all had normaleyes and bristles. F1 females from this cross weremated with males with both scabrous eyes andjavelin bristles. Write all the possible phenotypicclasses of the progeny that could be produced from the cross of the F1 females with the scabrous, javelin males, and indicate for each class whether it is arecombinant or parental type.b. The cross in part (a) yielded the following progeny:77 scabrous eyes and normal bristles; 76 wild type(normal eyes and bristles); 74 normal eyes andjavelin bristles; and 73 scabrous eyes and javelinbristles. Are the genes governing these traits likelyto be linked, or do they instead assort independently? Why?c. Suppose you mated the F1 females from the crossin part (a) to wild-type males. Why would thiscross fail…1. You are given a female F1 of unknown genotype. You cross the female fly to a homozygous male that has forked bristles and malformed eyes. The offspring of the cross is shown below: (Define symbols for your traits) Phenotype Forked bristles, normal eyes 752 Number Genotype Forked bristles, malformed 56 eyes Malformed eyes, normal bristles Normal eyes, normal bristles 820 64 a. What are the genotypes of the offspring? b. Based on the progeny, what were the genotypes of the F1 parents? What is the distance between for and mal?
- 2. In Drosophila sp. Red eyes are dominant over white eyes. Normal wings are dominant over vestigial wings. Homozygous red eyes normal wings females were crossed with homozygous white eyes and vestigial wings males. The F2 generation after a test cross are as below Phenotype Red eyes, normal wings White eyes, vestigial wings Red eyes, vestigial wings White eyes, normal wings Amount 1670 1590 425 435 a) Are the wings and eyes colour genes linked? b) Show all the crosses c) Calculate the recombination frequency value. d) What is the distance between the wings and eyes colour genes?10. You are testing Drosophila for the following recessive genes: "spinless" without bristles on the wings; "claret" dark brown eyes; and "hairless" without thoracic bristles. You do a test cross with a heterozygous female for all three genes, and you get the following progeny: spineless 82wild 380claret, spinless 130claret 18claret, hairless 80hairless, claret, spinless 323hairless 140hairless, spinless 12 The correct distance between sp - cl genes is: a. 0.25 umb. 0.36 umc. 41 umd. 25 ume. 16 um 11. You are testing Drosophila for the following recessive genes: "spinless" without bristles on the wings; "claret" dark brown eyes; and "hairless" without thoracic bristles. You do a test cross with a heterozygous female for all three genes, and you get the following progeny: spineless 82wild 380claret, spinless 130claret 18claret, hairless 80hairless, claret, spinless 323hairless 140hairless, spinless 12 The correct distance between sp - hl genes is: a. 0.25 umb. 0.36 umc. 41 umd. 25…5. In the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster, very dark(ebony) body color is determined by the e allele. Thee+ allele produces the normal wild-type, honeycolored body. In heterozygotes for the two alleles (butnot in e+e+ homozygotes), a dark marking called thetrident can be seen on the thorax, but otherwise thebody is honey-colored. The e+ snd e alleles are thusconsidered to be incompletely dominant.a. When female e+e+ flies are crossed to male e+eflies, what is the probability that progeny will havethe dark trident marking?b. Animals with the trident marking mate amongthemselves. Of 300 progeny, how many would beexpected to have a trident, how many ebony bodies, and how many honey-colored bodies?