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Introductory Chemistry: A Foundation
9th Edition
ISBN: 9781337399425
Author: Steven S. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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
Transcribed Image Text:2. Write reactions to show the dissociation into ions of
the following substances when they dissolve in water:
a) sodium phosphate
b) ammonium hydroxide
3. Explain why water is such a good solvent for so
many different solutes.
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- You have a solution of the weak acid HA and add some HCl to it. What are the major species in the solution? What do you need to know to calculate the pH of the solution, and how would you use this information? How does the pH of the solution of just the HA compare with that of the final mixture? Explain.arrow_forwardFor oxyacids, how does acid strength depend on a. the strength of the bond to the acidic hydrogen atom? b. the electronegativity of the element bonded to the oxygen atom that bears the acidic hydrogen? c. the number of oxygen atoms? How does the strength of a conjugate base depend on these factors? What type of solution forms when a nonmetal oxide dissolves in water? Give an example of such an oxide. What type of solution forms when a metal oxide dissolves in water? Give an example of such an oxide.arrow_forwardBoth HF and HCN ionize in water to a limited extent. Which of the conjugate bases. F“ or CN”, is the stronger base? See Table 14.2.arrow_forward
- A base is a substance that dissociates in water into one or more ______ ions and one or more ________. a.hydrogen . . . anions b.hydrogen . . . cations c.hydroxide . . . anions d.hydroxide . . . cationsarrow_forwardExplain why the neutralization reaction of a strong acid and a weak base gives a weakly acidic solution.arrow_forwardDifferentiate between the terms strength and concentration as they apply to acids and bases. When is HCl strong? Weak? Concentrated? Dilute? Answer the same questions for ammonia. Is the conjugate base of a weak acid a strong base?arrow_forward
- Write an equation that describes the equilibrium that exists when nitric acid dissolves in water. Identify each of the four species in solution as either Brnsted acids or Brnsted bases. Does the equilibrium favor the products or the reactants?arrow_forward. Which component of a buffered solution is capable of combining with an added strong acid? Using your example from Exercise 60, show how this component would react with added HC1.arrow_forwardTwo strategies are also followed when solving for the pH of a base in water. What is the strategy for calculating the pH of a strong base in water? List the strong bases mentioned in the text that should be committed to memory. Why is calculating the pH of Ca(OH)2 solutions a little more difficult than calculating the pH of NaOH solutions? Most bases are weak bases. The presence of what element most commonly results in basic properties for an organic compound? What is present on this element in compounds that allows it to accept a proton? Table 13-3 and Appendix 5 of the text list Kb values for some weak bases. What strategy is used to solve for the pH of a weak base in water? What assumptions are made when solving for the pH of weak base solutions? If the 5% rule fails, how do you calculate the pH of a weak base in water?arrow_forward
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