2. In the methanol synthesis described above, small quantities of non-reactive gaseous impurities (N2, hydrocarbons) are presented in the feed. They do not dissolve to any appreciative extent in the liquid methanol product, so they must be removed by a purge in the recycle line. If they are not removed, the concentration of impurities and the pressure will increase, to the detriment of the desired reaction. The feed gas contains 66.6% H₂, SOL33.33% CO and 0.1% non-reactive impurities. The plant produces 1000 gal/h of methanol at 70°F with a 15% conversion in the reactor. What must be the purge rate to maintain the impurity concentration in the recycle below 1% (by volume)? e 16212 PURGE: 66%H₂ 33% CO 1% impurities una (0 up of the ab Feed Gas 62 Cont 66.67% H₂ 22102 exp 33.33% CO 0.10% impurities 100°F, 300 atm MS[61.2 16 esco Olavic Lusts (20mple 118 Recycle gas (66.67% H₂, 33.33%CO) Condenser Reactor 300 atm 300°FUO Vine MOUS SOL Separator col Methanol Product

Alumina from bauxite separation stage calculations A crucial step in the production of aluminum from bauxite ore is the separation of alumina from the remaining mineral impurities in the ore. In the Bayer process this is accomplished by treating bauxite with aqueous NaOH to produce NaAIO2 (alumina). NaOH(aq) + Al(OH)3(s) → NaAIO2(aq) + 2H2O(1) Since NaAIO2 is water soluble while the residual mineral constituents of bauxite are not, a separation can be achieved by allowing the minerals to settle out and decanting the aqueous solution of NAAIO2 and unreacted NaOH. In order to further recover any NAAIO2 entrained in the settled mineral solids, this "mud" is repeatedly washed with water and allowed to settle, and the wash water is decanted. The figure below shows one stage of this washing-settling process. Wash water Slurry - Open to air Mixer/Wash tank Setling tank Decanted solution System boundary Washed mud In this stage, a feed slurry consisting of 10 wt% solids, 11 wt% NaOH, 16 wt%…

3) A common method used in manufacturing sodium hypochlorite bleach is by the reaction a, + NaOH → NaCI + NaOCI + H,0 Chlorine gas is bubbled through an aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide, after which the desired product is separated from the sodium chloride (a by-product of the reaction). A water-NaOH solution that contains 1145 Ib of pure NaOH is reacted with 851 Ib of gaseous chlorine. The NaOCl formed weighs 618 Ib. a) What was the limiting reactant? b) What was the percentage excess of the excess reactant used? c) What is the degree of completion of the reaction, expressed as the moles of NaOCI formed to the moles of NaOCI that would have formed if the reaction had gone to completion? d) What is the % yield of NaOCI per amount of chlorine used (on a weight basis)?

#3 The first step in the reaction sequence for the production of nitric acid via the oxidation of ammonia is: 4NH3 + 502 2 4NO + 6H2O 75% conversion is achieved with an equimolar mixture of ammonia and oxygen fed at the rate of 100 mol/h. Determine the outlet compositions. (Hint: determine the limiting reactant).

For the preparation of methyl iodide, 2000lb/day of hydroiodic acid are added to an excess methanol (HI + CH3OH CH31 + H2O). If the product contains 81.6% along with the unreacted methanol and the waste contains 82.65% HI and the 17.35% H2O, calculate, assuming that the reaction is 40%complete in the vessel: a. The weight of the methanol added per day b. The amount of HI recycled Recycled HI (R) 2000 lb/day HI- SEPARATOR Waste (W) 82.65% HI 17.35% H₂O 40% complete REACTOR CH₂OH(X) Product (Y) 81.6% CH₂l 18.4% CH3OH

The successive reactions in the manufacture of HCI from salt and sulfuric acid may be represented by the following equations: NaCl + H2SO4 = NaHSO4 + HCINaCI + NaHSO4 = Na2SO4 + HCl In practice the salt is treated with aqueous sulfuric acid containing 75% H2SO4 in slight excess of the quantity required to combine with all the salt to form Na2SO4. Although the first reaction proceeds readily, strong heating is required for the second. In both steps, the process HCl and water vapor are evolved from the reaction mass. "Salt Cake" prepared by such a process was found to have the following composition: 91.48% Na2SO4, 4.79% NaHSO4, 1.98% NaCl, 1.35% H2O and 0.4% HCl. The salt used in the process is dry and may be assumed to be pure NaCl. On a basis of 1000 kg of salt charged. Calculate:(a) weight of acid added, weight of salt cake formed and weight of each gas driven off(b) % conversion of NaCl in the first reaction and the degree of completion of the second reaction.

Q2: A mixture of gases content (50% methane, 30% ethane, 20% propane) feeds a combustion chamber. Calculate the amount of air feed at 30% excess?

Sulfur reacts with oxygen to produce sulfur trioxide. If 58.7 mol/h of each reactant enters the reactor, and the reaction proceeds such that the fractional conversion of the limiting reactant is 0.28, how much of the excess reactant (mol/h) exits the reactor?

A gases fuel composed of 80 mol % ethane (C;Hg) and 20 mol% N, is burned with 20% excess air. 60% of the ethane goes to CO, and the rest are goining to CO. calculate: a. The molal ratio of air input to the fuel burned. b. The orsat analysis of the flue gas. c. The molal ratio of water vapour produced to the fuel burned.

11.7 mole dichloromethane (CH2Cl2) enter a reactor with 21.6 mole hydrogen (H2) and 37.5 mole oxygen (O2).  The following reaction takes place: CH2Cl2 + H2 + 3/2 O2 → COCl2 + 2 H2O 6.4 mole of H2O are produced.  Calculate the extent of the reaction.