Homework Help is Here – Start Your Trial Now!
Math
Statistics
18. The researchers proposed that the difference in these proportions was due to "compassion fatigue". In other words, the physicians on the night shifts (which tended to be the longer shifts) became less compassionate as they grew tired from caring for patients all through their shifts. Which one of the following is the main reason it would be unwise to make the claim below: In this study, compassion fatigue in these physicians reduced the likelihood of prescribing pain medication. O The difference could have been caused by chance acting alone.

18. The researchers proposed that the difference in these proportions was due to "compassion fatigue". In other words, the physicians on the night shifts (which tended to be the longer shifts) became less compassionate as they grew tired from caring for patients all through their shifts. Which one of the following is the main reason it would be unwise to make the claim below: In this study, compassion fatigue in these physicians reduced the likelihood of prescribing pain medication. O The difference could have been caused by chance acting alone.

MATLAB: An Introduction with Applications
MATLAB: An Introduction with Applications
6th Edition
ISBN:9781119256830
Author:Amos Gilat
Publisher:Amos Gilat
Chapter1: Starting With Matlab
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1P
See similar textbooks
icon
Related questions
Question
18. The researchers proposed that the difference in these proportions was due to "compassion fatigue". In other words, the physicians on the night shifts (which tended to be the longer shifts) became less compassionate as they grew tired from caring for patients all through their shifts. Which one of the following is the main reason it would be unwise to make the claim below: In this study, compassion fatigue in these physicians reduced the likelihood of prescribing pain medication. The difference could have been caused by chance acting alone. The dataset only contained records for around 4000 patients. The physicians were not blinded, they knew what kind of shift they were on. The difference between the proportions could have been caused by a confounding variable, such as patients needing less medication during the night because they were sleeping. The data only came from patients in one hospital.
Transcribed Image Text:18. The researchers proposed that the difference in these proportions was due to "compassion fatigue". In other words, the physicians on the night shifts (which tended to be the longer shifts) became less compassionate as they grew tired from caring for patients all through their shifts. Which one of the following is the main reason it would be unwise to make the claim below: In this study, compassion fatigue in these physicians reduced the likelihood of prescribing pain medication. The difference could have been caused by chance acting alone. The dataset only contained records for around 4000 patients. The physicians were not blinded, they knew what kind of shift they were on. The difference between the proportions could have been caused by a confounding variable, such as patients needing less medication during the night because they were sleeping. The data only came from patients in one hospital.
Researchers investigated the propensity of patients in emergency rooms to be prescribed pain medication. The dataset for this study included the discharge notes of over 4000 patients attending a hospital emergency room between 2014 and 2019. Choshen-hillel, S., Sadras, I., Gordon-hecker, T., Genzer, S., Rekhtman, D., & Caruso, E. M. (2022). Physicians prescribe fewer analgesics during night shifts than day shifts. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 119(27), e2200047119. Two of the variables collected are described below: Shift Type The type of shift the attending physician was working at the time the patient was seen. Prescription - Day shift (8 or 15 hour shift starting at 8am) Night shift (12 or 16 hour shift starting at 8pm) Whether or not pain medication was prescribed - Prescribed - Not prescribed The data collected on these two variables is displayed in the two-way table of counts below: Shift type Prescribed Not-prescribed Total 1249 1644 2893 433 831 1264 1682 2475 4157 Table 1: A two-way table of counts of the patient data Day shift Night shift Prescription Let: Pd be the underlying proportion of patients, seen by a Day shift physician, who received a prescription for pain medication. and Pn be the underlying proportion of patients, seen by a Night shift physician, who received a prescription for pain medication. The t-procedures tool was used to carry out a two-sided test for no difference between pd and Pn. Output from the t-procedures tool is given in Figure 1. % Confidence level 95 se(p1 - p₂) = 0.0162 t-multiplier = 1.96 Hypothesised value for P₁ - P20 two-tailed P-value = 0.0000 (4 d.p.) Figure 1: Screenshot of the t-procedures tool
Transcribed Image Text:Researchers investigated the propensity of patients in emergency rooms to be prescribed pain medication. The dataset for this study included the discharge notes of over 4000 patients attending a hospital emergency room between 2014 and 2019. Choshen-hillel, S., Sadras, I., Gordon-hecker, T., Genzer, S., Rekhtman, D., & Caruso, E. M. (2022). Physicians prescribe fewer analgesics during night shifts than day shifts. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 119(27), e2200047119. Two of the variables collected are described below: Shift Type The type of shift the attending physician was working at the time the patient was seen. Prescription - Day shift (8 or 15 hour shift starting at 8am) Night shift (12 or 16 hour shift starting at 8pm) Whether or not pain medication was prescribed - Prescribed - Not prescribed The data collected on these two variables is displayed in the two-way table of counts below: Shift type Prescribed Not-prescribed Total 1249 1644 2893 433 831 1264 1682 2475 4157 Table 1: A two-way table of counts of the patient data Day shift Night shift Prescription Let: Pd be the underlying proportion of patients, seen by a Day shift physician, who received a prescription for pain medication. and Pn be the underlying proportion of patients, seen by a Night shift physician, who received a prescription for pain medication. The t-procedures tool was used to carry out a two-sided test for no difference between pd and Pn. Output from the t-procedures tool is given in Figure 1. % Confidence level 95 se(p1 - p₂) = 0.0162 t-multiplier = 1.96 Hypothesised value for P₁ - P20 two-tailed P-value = 0.0000 (4 d.p.) Figure 1: Screenshot of the t-procedures tool
Expert Solution
steps

Step by step

Solved in 2 steps

SEE SOLUTIONCheck out a sample Q&A here
Blurred answer
Similar questions
  • SEE MORE QUESTIONS
Recommended textbooks for you
MATLAB: An Introduction with Applications
MATLAB: An Introduction with Applications
Statistics
ISBN:
9781119256830
Author:
Amos Gilat
Publisher:
John Wiley & Sons Inc
Probability and Statistics for Engineering and th…
Probability and Statistics for Engineering and th…
Statistics
ISBN:
9781305251809
Author:
Jay L. Devore
Publisher:
Cengage Learning
Statistics for The Behavioral Sciences (MindTap C…
Statistics for The Behavioral Sciences (MindTap C…
Statistics
ISBN:
9781305504912
Author:
Frederick J Gravetter, Larry B. Wallnau
Publisher:
Cengage Learning
Elementary Statistics: Picturing the World (7th E…
Elementary Statistics: Picturing the World (7th E…
Statistics
ISBN:
9780134683416
Author:
Ron Larson, Betsy Farber
Publisher:
PEARSON
The Basic Practice of Statistics
The Basic Practice of Statistics
Statistics
ISBN:
9781319042578
Author:
David S. Moore, William I. Notz, Michael A. Fligner
Publisher:
W. H. Freeman
Introduction to the Practice of Statistics
Introduction to the Practice of Statistics
Statistics
ISBN:
9781319013387
Author:
David S. Moore, George P. McCabe, Bruce A. Craig
Publisher:
W. H. Freeman
SEE MORE TEXTBOOKS