12) Draw a yeast knockout cassette. Label all required sequence features.  a) Draw the target chromosome if recombination only occurs at one region of homology.  b) Draw the target chromosome if recombination occurs using both regions of homology.

Q: Two homologous chromosomes in ES cells are depicted below with the portion of your gene of interest…

A: CRISPR/Cas9 creates specific double-stranded breaks at the target locus that trigger DNA repair…

Q: During X inactivation, all but one gene get silenced on one X chromosome. Why does one gene escape…

A: X inactivation This process is also called lyonization and through this process, one of the copies…

Q: 1. a)What would happen if the aminoacyl tRNA synthetase responsible for charging alanine tRNAs also…

A: The polymerization of amino acids according to the codons on mRNA to form proteins is known as…

Q: Draw a figure for the mode of transposition not shown in Figure 15-8, retrotransposition.

A: Retrotransposition occurs by LTR and Non-LTR retrotransposons.

Q: Bacteriophage P22 was used in generalized transduction experiments to infect the Salmonella…

A: The horizontal transfer of the genetic material from donor bacteria to the recipient bacteria via…

Q: Draw the features of a yeast knock out cassette. How does it integrate into the yeast genome…

A: A gene knockout is a genetic technique in which one of an organism's genes is made inoperative.…

Q: 2). a). You mutagenize phage X and obtain three mutants that no longer cause plaques when incubated…

A: In a cis test, allelism is determined by crossing two mutants on the same phage chromosome. If the…

Q: (Q134) What is the function of topoisomerase? A) To facilitate unwinding by introducing positive…

A: The process by which a DNA molecule synthesizers it's own identical copies is known as DNA…

Q: In yeast cells, telomerase remains active and maintains telomeres of about 300 base pairs. Propose…

A: Telomeres play a very important role in preserving our genome information.

Q: How Does Yeast transformation experiments were used to identify the functional chromosomal elements…

A: The genetic cell alteration that results from exogenous genetic material direct uptake or…

Q: In recombinant chromosomes, where is gene conversion likely totake place: near the breakpoint or far…

A: Gene conversion is a process in which a homologous sequence is replaced by the one DNA sequence in a…

Q: Why does transposition always produce direct repeats in the chromosomalDNA?

A: Transposable elements are something ubiquitious present in prokaryotes and eukaryotes and they are…

Q: What is the difference between an Hfr chromosome using normal excision and aberrant excision?

A: High frequency recombination (Hfr) cells are the bacteria having a conjugative plasmid (Fertility…

Q: 1.  Using the diagram below, fill in the following Table to give the names of the genes that are…

A: Genetic recombination occur during meiosis in prophase during the pachytene and thus formation of…

Q: -PBR322 DNA (4.32 kb) was cleaved with HindIII nuclease and lig- ated to a HindlII digest of human…

A: Restriction Endonucleases cleave DNA to smaller fragments. These DNA fragments are cloned into new…

Q: Below is a portion of an exon from a gene that encodes protein Y in the genome of the plant…

A: Ans 1 :  Yes, there is a mutation in third codon when counting from 5/ to 3/ on template strand in…

Q: c) Describe how plasmid PBR322 is used as a cloning vector. What are their special features? d) What…

A: Bacteria have extra chromosome apart from genomic chromosome . This extra chromosomal part have…

Q: E. coli strains diploid for the lac region were constructed by introducing a plasmid carrying the…

A: ANSWER;- I- mutation- repressor is unable to bind to the operator region. If there is no other…

Q: We have two specific strains of E. coli that have shown horizontal gene transfer (HGT) when mixed.…

A: Introduction The non-sexual flow of genetic information between genomes is known as horizontal gene…

Q: How does homologous recombination with transfected disruption constructs can inactivate specific…

A: The plasmid does not contain the yeast origin of replication. The gene target constructed to…

Q: Some viruses, such as SV40, contain closed circular DNAS carrying nucle- osomes. If the SV40 viral…

A: Histone protein is an octameric, made up of positively charged amino acid around that negatively…

Q: 1) If you wanted to create a clone of yourself, what would you donate_to start to the cloning…

A: Almost all cells in the body contain the genetic blueprint for the whole organism. Few cells lack…

Q: You are using Drosophila as a model system to investigate eye development. You do positional cloning…

A: In order to isolate a mutant gene in any organism, one would need to first identify the desired…

Q: 33) Judging by mosaic clone images above, what effect does loss of dmyc likely have on cell growth?…

A: Approach to solving the question:1. Observation of Mosaic Clone Images: Begin by carefully examining…

Q: Cells that continue toexpress telomerase include which cells?

A: A telomere is a region at the end of the eukaryotic chromosome that contains repetitive sequences.…

Q: The yeast genome has class 1 elements (Ty1, Ty2, and so forth) but no class 2 elements. What is a…

A: Yeast has a very compact genome having 70 % of its DNA as exons, therefore it contains insufficient…

Q: Discuss how ultra violet light works as a mutagen. This could include: What is UV light and the…

A: Electromagnetic radiation is an energy form that possesses both magnetic and electrical components.…

Q: By conducting conjugation experiments between Hfr and recipientstrains, Wollman and Jacob mapped the…

A: On the basis of the given information, it can easily be predicted that it explains the…

Q: If the recipient cell did not already have a lys− gene, could the lys+ DNA become incorporated into…

A: Transfer of genes in prokaryotes occurs through horizontal transfer mechanisms such as transduction,…

Q: Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) was invented by Kary Mullis in 1983. This techniqu had indeed…

A: PCR is used to amplify a specific DNA sample.

Q: Discuss the genetic switch that controls the lytic versus lysogenic path in bacteriophage lambda.

A: Gene regulatory network that shows bistable behavior is known as genetic switches. It is studied…

Q: 7. Consider the 3 mechanisms of HGT in prokaryotes and identify 1) which one leads to the presence…

A: Horizontal gene transfer (HGT) refers to the transfer of genetic material from one species to…

Q: Describe step 6 of recombination: Resolution of the Holliday Junction

A: Introduction: during meiosis, exchange of genetic material occurs. this happens when genes of same…

Q: Which of these chromosomal rearrangements will result in formation of a loop during prophase I if an…

A: The chromosome is a thread like structure. It is made up of DNA, histone and non histone proteins.

Q: What characteristic specifically defines a High Frequency Recombination (HFr) cell line?

A: plasmid is an extrachromosomal DNA that can replicate independently.  F plasmid is called fertility…

Q: 8- Polymerase enzymes are used to a) Amplify the gene of interest b) Ligase vector and gene of…

A: Recombinant DNA or rDNA technology is a method used to join the DNA from two different species. The…

Q: In yeast cells, telomerase remains active and maintains telomeres of about 300 base pairs. Describe…

A: Telomeres, specialized nucleotide sequences located at the ends of chromosomes, play a crucial role…

Q: E. coli cells are simultaneously infected with two strains of phage λ. One strain has a mutant host…

A: A gene is a stretch of nucleotides present in the DNA molecule. It encodes information for the…

Q: Below is a set of recombination and complementation data between five different mutants of the rll…

A: Complementation Test which is perform to determining whether two mutations associated with a…

Q: Explain how site directed mutagenesis can be accomplished using M13 bacteriophage. Using this method…

A: Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is a hereditary molecule that passes genetic information from one…

Mitochondrial Mutations

A mitochondrion is a cellular organelle that serves as the site for cellular respiration and energy production (ATP or Adenosine Triphosphate). It is a double-membrane-bound organelle and is only present in eukaryotic cells.