1.Sustaining intense exercise requires ATP. Could a someone with a defective gene for the enzyme lactate dehydrogenase meet the ATP demand for sustained and intense exercise? Why or why not?  Be sure to support your argument with discussion of the metabolic pathways and tissues impacted.

13. What is the consequence of complete inhibition of all mutases in liver cells? A. Liver cannot provide free glucose to maintain blood glucose levels B. Glycogen synthesis is disrupted C. Glycerol cannot be converted to glucose D. The only fate of glucose-6-phosphate is to be converted to fructose-6-phosphate

2. Consider the following reaction. What is the consequence of the increase of cytosolic CAMP concentration during the fight-or-flight response? Adenylyl cyclase ATP A. The inhibition of glycolysis B. The inhibition of the protein kinase A C. The breakdown of glycogen into glucose 1-phosphate D. The inhibition of the citric acid cycle E. The inhibition of the phosphofructokinase PPi CAMP

9. Which of the following enzymes CANNOT be found in the skeletal muscle? A. Glucose-6-phosphatase B. Glycogen synthase C. Glycogen phosphorylase D. Adenylyl cyclase E. Hexokinase 10. Which of the following processes do NOT produce CO2? (1) Fatty acid synthesis (2) Oxidative deamination (3) Preparatory phase of glycolysis (4) Pentose phosphate pathway A. (1) and (2) only B. (2) and (3) only C. (2) and (4) only D. (1), (3) and (4) only E. (1), (2), (3) and (4) 11. is an intermediate metabolite linkage between carbohydrate and fat metabolism. A. Malate B. Citrate C. Acetyl-CoA D. Aspartate E. a-ketoglutarate 12. transfers carnitine from mitochondrial matrix to cytoplasm during the transport of fatty acid to mitochondria. A. Carnitine acyltransferase I B. Carnitine acyltransferase II C. Transaminase D. Translocase E. Citric acid shuttle 13. Which of the following reactions/ pathways does NOT produce NADH? A. Payoff phase of glycolysis B. Oxidative deamination of glutamine C. B-oxidation…

v 11 v A A Aa v AaBbCcDdEe AaBbCcDc AaBbCcDdE AaBb( AaBbCcDdEe Styles Pane DE U v ab x, x A 2v A v 田。 No Spacing Heading 1 Normal Heading 2 Title Question 1: Compare and contrast the different metabolic pathways used by cells to generate ATP, illustrating your answer with a suitable table or diagram. Include in your answer discussion of the metabolic adaptations that occur in cells as they respond to changing internal and external environmental conditions.

Please answer these biochemistry questions and briefly explain 1. Which is false about metabolic regulation? A: reactions with a large negative delta G are likely to be regulated B: reactions that require ATP are regulated C: glucagon and epineprine both stimulate glycogen breakdown D: all steps of all metabolic processes under strict regulation I picked D since all steps require sple extent of regulation however, "strict" regulation is limited to the irreversible steps 2. which is not a redox reaction in electron transport chain? A: Fe-S accepts e- from NADH B: reiske protein accepts e- from QH2 3. true or false: proton motive force is created through pumping H+ from matrix to inner membrane I put false, isnt the opposite true? pumping H+ from IMM to matrix

3. Describe what causes obesity in an individual using the Laws of Thermodynamics and nutrition. Caution: if you want to introduce genetics into this, be careful. Much of the genetics behind obesity is dependent on the "types" of nutrition. Basically, some people have metabolic pathways that are poorly suited for some types of nutrition. Also, the "image of beauty" is not the same as healthy weight and obesity. Yeah, it is complex...try not to be complex. Try to stick with Thermodynamics (aka, Conservation of Energy). Obesity in individuals mostly comes from the food that is consumed. In some rare cases it also comes from thyroid issues that the individual is sick with. The laws of thermodynamics include these 3 laws: the first one states that energy cannot be produced or abolished in an remote system, the second one states that entropy of an remote system always surges, and finally the third law states that the entropy of a scheme slants at a continuous cost as the temperature…

40. Propose that all three carbon atoms in glycerol is labeled with 14C. The labeled glycerol is allowed to undergo metabolism in the genetically modified liver cell, in which the triose phosphate isomerase is no longer functioning. Which of the following are most likely to be true? A. All three carbon atoms in pyruvate can be labeled with radioisotope in the genetically modified liver cell B. All six carbon atoms in glucose can be labeled with radioisotope in the genetically modified liver cell C. Both A and B D. Neither A nor B

2a. Describe the structural differences between cellulose and glycogen.  2b. State one structural feature of glycogen accounting for its energy storage role.

Defects in enzymes can have serious metabolic consequences. The table below shows the profile of four different patients presenting with metabolite levels that differ from normal expected ranges Observed metabolic changes Select one: OOO PATIENT PROFILE W Elevated ammonia. Decreased oxidation of Increased liver fatty acids. glutamate. a. b. Patient X Patient WXD C. Patient Y O d. Patient Z PATIENT PROFILE X Increased ATP synthesis. 10 An investigation revealed one patient harboured mutations in the enzymes arginase and carnitine acyltransferase 2, negatively affecting each enzyme's function. Which patient can this be attributed to? 3 OND - === - PATIENT PROFILE Y D KOOKOOKOO Decreased lactate. PATIENT PROFILE Z Increased fatty acyl- CoA in mitochondria. Decreased glycolysis. Decreased 0 DOND oxaloacetate levels. 00 Report question issue ! No