1. Imagine an economy, where the SRAS in terms of inflation is given by II=5+Y, where Y is output. Imagine that the long run AS curve is given by Y=2. (25 marks) a) Give the equation of the AD curve (you can take liberties), if we assume that initially, the economy is at its long-run equilibrium. Justify. b) Imagine that your chosen AD curve's intercept goes up by one unit due to an expansionary monetary policy. What will be the new final equilibrium after this change? Justify. c) What will be the equilibrium after two periods of adjustment? Justify. d) Assume that before all the changes in the economy, in the initial, long-run equilibrium, the interest rate was 4 percent. Give an IS and an LM curve that are compatible with this initial equilibrium. Justify. e) What are the IS and LM curves going to be at the very end of the adjustment process, i.e., in the new long run equilibrium? Justify.

1. Imagine an economy, where the SRAS in terms of inflation is given by II=5+Y, where Y is output. Imagine that the long run AS curve is given by Y=2. (25 marks) a) Give the equation of the AD curve (you can take liberties), if we assume that initially, the economy is at its long-run equilibrium. Justify. b) Imagine that your chosen AD curve's intercept goes up by one unit due to an expansionary monetary policy. What will be the new final equilibrium after this change? Justify. c) What will be the equilibrium after two periods of adjustment? Justify. d) Assume that before all the changes in the economy, in the initial, long-run equilibrium, the interest rate was 4 percent. Give an IS and an LM curve that are compatible with this initial equilibrium. Justify. e) What are the IS and LM curves going to be at the very end of the adjustment process, i.e., in the new long run equilibrium? Justify.

Principles of Economics 2e

2nd Edition

ISBN:9781947172364

Author:Steven A. Greenlaw; David Shapiro

Publisher:Steven A. Greenlaw; David Shapiro

Chapter24: The Aggregate Demand/aggregate Supply Model

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 43CTQ: Economists expect that as the labor market continues to tighten going into the latter part of 2015...

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1. Imagine an economy, where the SRAS in terms of inflation is given by II=5+Y, where Y is output. Imagine that the long run AS curve is given by Y=2. (25 marks) a) Give the equation of the AD curve (you can take liberties), if we assume that initially, the economy is at its long-run equilibrium. Justify. b) Imagine that your chosen AD curve's intercept goes up by one unit due to an expansionary monetary policy. What will be the new final equilibrium after this change? Justify. c) What will be the equilibrium after two periods of adjustment? Justify. d) Assume that before all the changes in the economy, in the initial, long-run equilibrium, the interest rate was 4 percent. Give an IS and an LM curve that are compatible with this initial equilibrium. Justify. e) What are the IS and LM curves going to be at the very end of the adjustment process, i.e., in the new long run equilibrium? Justify.
2. Show a AD-AS graph inflation in the short run and the shift in the SAS necessary to eliminate it.
Consider the AD/AS model below with a constant rate of inflation. No exogenous AD or AS shocks are occurring. Price Level P3 2 Po 0 FIGURE 29-1 Y" E3 E2 E1 Eo Real GDP AS3 AS2 AS1 ASO AD3 AD2 AD1 ADO Select one: O a an annual shift upward of the AS curve by 3%. b. an annual increase in the inflation rate of 3%. Oc. an annual shift upward of the AD curve by 3%. d. an annual increase in the equilibrium price level of 3%. Oe. Not applicable. The diagram shows the price level, not the inflation Refer to Figure 29-1. A constant rate of inflation of 3% is portrayed in an AD/AS diagram like this one as
Consider the Keynesian sticky wage model. Assume that the economy is operating close to, but not at, its zero lower bound (ZLB). Discuss the following: 1. Could a negative shock to the IS curve make the ZLB bind? Explain and illustrate graph- ically. 2. Could a shock to current productivity z make the ZLB bind? What would need to be the sign of this shock to make the ZLB bind? 3. In the data, in most episodes where the ZLB binds (the US in the wake of the Great Recession, Japan during the 1990s, and the US during the Great Depression), output is low. Given this, would a supply shock as the reason for a binding ZLB make empirical sense? 4. Intuitively, explain why changes in government spending have a bigger effect on output at the ZLB than away from it.
3. The graph below shows the AD-AS model for the US in long-run equilibrium. Label both axes and the following: AD, SRAS, LRAS. Indicate the equilibrium price level is P, and equilibrium level of output is Yo. X Assume that due to an expansion in European economics, US exports to that region increase. A. Show the effects of this change in the graph above. B. What happens to the SR equilibrium price level and level of output (Real GDP)? Label these P₁ and Y₁. C. Initially, what happens to real wages? D. What happens to the unemployment rate? E. Given your answer to parts C and D, how might workers respond? F. Show the effects of the change described in part E in the graph above. Label the new equilibrium price level and level of output as P₂ and Y₂. G. After this transition to the LR equilibrium, what is the level of output (Y₂) as compared to the initial level (Yo)?
Suppose Chino is a closed economy. A large portion of the work force has joint astrong labor union. As such, the nominal wages of most workers are downwardrigid.Suppose most households lose their wealth in a recent clash of the stock market.How would the price and output level of Chino be affected in the short run?Explain by using the AD-AS model. Particularly, use the sticky-wage model ofaggregate supply to explain the magnitude of the effects on price and output.
Refer to the accompanying figure. LRAS Inflation a A 0, y' Output O O An economy is currently in long-run equilibrium at point B, at an inflation rate of m, which is too high to sustain economic growth. If an anti-inflationary policy is enacted, the economy will be in short-run equilibrium at point creating gap. O SRAS O SRAS AD' AD A; an expansionary A; a recessionary D; a recessionary D; an expansionary
on Indicate whether the following factor will affect aggregate demand (AD) or aggregate supply (AS) and whether the effect would be an increase or a decrease. Then indicate what will happen to the price level and the level of Real GDP and what type of equilibrium will result assuming that the economy is initially in long-run equilibrium. a) A decrease in the nominal wage rate. b) A decrease in exports. c) A decrease in the exchange rate. d) The discovery of vast new oil field in AD no effect decrease + increase no effect AS increase no effect increase increase decrease decrease decrease Real GDP increase decrease increase increase Equilibrium recessionary gap ⇒ inflationary gap inflationary gap inflationary gap AP ? Q Fir
09. The left-hand Which of the following statements is tru about the diagrams above depicting the macroeconommy in both Keynesian and Classical frameworks and a change from AEo to AE* and ADo to AD*? a) The left-hand diagrams show the effect of an increase in Aggregare Expenditures (and Aggregate Demand), where the short-run Aggregate Supply is horizontal, meaning a constant products price level. b) The right hand diagrams show the effect of an increase in Aggregate Expenditrues (and Aggregate DEmand), where short-run Aggregate Supply is vertical (constant Aggregate Quantity Supplied). c) The left-hand diagrams illustrate the Keynesian range of the shor-run Aggregate Supply curve, where Keynesian expansionary policy does not cause any inflation and thus is very effective. d) The right-hand diagrams illustrate the Classical or Monetarist range of the short-run Aggregate Supply curve, where Keynesian expansionary policy is totally dissipated in…
Suppose that inflation increases from Year #1 to Year#2 without growth. Which of the following graphs correctly shows this situation? (Note: Year #2 positions are shown with dark blue lines.) Price Level Price Level a Ps 0 1 LRAS QN Q₁ LRAS ON 0₁ A) Graph A B) Graph B C) Graph C D) Graph D SRAS SRAS UI SRAS, AD, (M-$800 billion; V - 3) MTD AD₂ (M-$820 billion; V = 3) SRAS, (c) MVT Real GDP AD₂ (M-$800 billion; V - 4) AD, (M-$800 billion; V - 3) Real GDP Price Level Price Level Qa 0 ON P₁ O -- 1 1 0₁ ON 2 -=-= LRAS 1 T LRAS 6 ở SRAS, SRAS₂ AD, (M-$800 billion; V-3) (b) AD₂ (M-$780 billion; V- 3) SRAS1 MIV SRAS2 (d) MV↓ Real GDP AD, (M-$800 billion; V-3) AD₂ (M-$900 billion; V=2) Real GDP
Suppose an economy's macro equilibrium is such that a shift in either AD or AS (or both) to the right is desired. From this we can conclude that the economy may be experiencing O wartime production O economic growth O excess demand O unemployment
Question The Bank of Canada introduces an unexpected increase in the money supply. Answer the following: (a) Use the IS-LM model to determine how the policy ffects national income, Y, and real interest rates, r, in the short run. (b) Based on your answer from part (a), how do consumption, C, and investmentL change? Explain. (c) Now use the AD-AS model to illustrate how the policy affects national income in the short run. (d) How does the magnitude of the change in national income in part (c) compare with the magnitude of the change in part (a)? If they differ, what accounts for the difference? Explain. (e) Use the AD-AS model to briefly explain how the economy adjusts to a new long- run equilibrium. wer here. Please write out your answer and scan and upload it at the end of th