1) In a general genetic bottleneck, the population is reduced because of massive death. True or False  2) It is possible for a response to selection to happen if the trait is NOT heritable. True or False

Q: Write a short explanatory essay on the following statement: “Incases of genetically programmed…

A: Natural selection is defined as the process by which an organism or individual will adapt to its…

Q: Twin studies are often used in the research of human behavioral traits. Although helpful, there are…

A: - Dizygotic twins will generally share more than half of their genes-There is high maternal effects…

Q: All of the following about the chi-square test are true, except:

A: A chi-square test is a statistical test that indicates whether given variables are independent or…

Q: 598 Locus esterase-5 malic dehydrogenase TABLE 1 Number of strains from each population either…

A: The genotype can be determined as the combination of the alleles for a specific gene or locus. The…

Q: 1. A soybean breeder is aiming to breed for early maturation. He was able to cross variety A which…

A: Heritability means passing the traits from one generation to another. These are of two types: Narrow…

Q: To test for statistical significance of the association of a SNP with a trait, the null hypothesis…

A: When a single nucleotide (adenine, thymine, cytosine, or guanine) in the genome sequence is changed,…

Q: (True/False) Scientists have now been able to use the genomic data to determine whether a particular…

A: "Genes" are the fundamental unit of heredity. They store genetic information in the form of DNA,…

Q: how geneticists perform association mapping, we need first to examine how variants at different…

A: The association mapping is also called linkage disequilibrium and is a method of mapping QTLs. These…

Q: A dairy farmer would like to reduce the incidence of mastitis within his herd. He has decided to…

A: Somatic cell count (SCC) Clinical mastitis. Daughterhood

Q: In a large, randomly mating population with no appreciable forces working to change gene…

A: When disrupting variables are absent, gene frequencies tend to remain stable from generation to…

Q: We want to breed for larger adult weights for pigs using individual phenotype, in which the…

A: Genetic variation refers to differences in the genetic makeup of individuals in a population. This…

Q: Additive Total Varian ce Total Genetic Varian ce Dominan ce Genetic Varian ce Trait Environmental…

A: Variation is a difference in the individual organism which is caused due to genetic factors,…

Q: There are 100 Hodags in an isolated population. Ninety-six have eyes that glow red, whereas four…

A: The basic formulas for Hardy-Weinberg law are: p2 + 2pq + q2 = 1 and p+q = 1 p = frequency of…

Q: Comparisons of concordance rates in MZ and DZ twins allow the estimation of heritability, a measure…

A: Monozygotic twins are identical twins that have the same DNA. They are the products of the…

Q: In a population at genetic equilibrium, the frequency of the homozygous recessive genotype (tt) is…

A: Introduction  Hardy Weinberg equilibrium: this states that the sum of genotypic and allelic…

Q: If both parents are recessive short, what is the phenotype in percentage (%) for the possible…

A: The Punnett square is a table that shows the various combinations of maternal and paternal alleles.…

Q: Which of the following is the clearest example of an interaction between genes and environment?…

A: Gene and environment interaction The interaction occurs when two different genotypes respond to the…

Q: Research an indigenous or isolated population and describe a genetic condition that its members have…

A: The genetic drift leads to a loss in the variations occurring genetically for small populations. The…

Q: Penetrance and expressivity are related but can be distinguished easily because:

A: Answer: PENETRANCE = It is the expression of a particular phenotype , which corresponds to a…

Q: Which of these is not true of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs)?     are single base-pair…

A: Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms(SNPs):  A single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) is a single…

Q: In a certain species of plants, violet flower color (V) is dominant over white flower color (v). If…

A: This question is about the concept of dominance and recessiveness in genetics, specifically in the…

Q: Your dream has come true, you’re a marine biologist studying Narwhals in the arctic. They have been…

A: An aquarium is a closed system, typically made of glass or acrylic, designed to house aquatic plants…

Q: A-CREB is a CREB allele that is dominantly negative. Why would you employ A-CREB in a research…

A: CREB- c AMP response element binding proteins.It is a member of the leucine-zipper superfamily of…

Q: Your dream has come true, you’re a marine biologist studying Narwhals in the arctic. They have been…

A: To estimate the environmental variance in the wild, we need to subtract the genetic variance from…

Q: EXPERIMENT #4: POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION Purpose: Using PCR technique, amplify the region of…

A: PCR- polymerase chain reaction is defined as the process of amplification of the fragments of the…

Q: 3. Hitchhiker's thumb is the ability to bend the thumb backwards at least 45° is due to a single…

A: According  to Hardy Weinberg equation- p2 ÷ q2 + 2pq = 1 and p + q=1 where, p= frequency of the…

Q: Which of the following best describes the broad-sense heritability of a trait? Variance in the trait…

A: Broad sense heritability - It is the proportion of variation in phenotype which  characterise the…

Q: Imagine that genetic technology advances to the point where the genetic profile of an individual can…

A: Each and every live organism on earth contains gene, it may be DNA or RNA, or both. This gene…

Q: Cystic fibrosis (CF) recessive disorder in the Dutch population affects 1 in 1000 people. Calculate…

A: Introduction Hardy Weinberg equilibrium states that the gene frequency of a population remains…

Q: location of a gene on a b. phenotype chromosome C. locus an iorganism's physical characteristics d.…

A: Biological macromolecules are massive molecules that are required for live organisms' survival and…

Q: What does it mean when an individual is found to be “homozygous” at a DNA profiling locus?   They…

A: Alleles are alternative  form of a gene,  that are located on same locus of homologous chromosome…

Q: Figure 18-22 shows 10 haplotypes from a population before a selective sweep and another 10…

A: Introduction: A haplotype can be defined as a group of genes inherited together within an organism…

Q: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/235324145_Quantitative_Genetic_Application_in_the_Selection…

A: The study "Quantitative Genetic Application in the Selection Process for Livestock Production"…

Q: To locate genes associated with quantitative traits, geneticists often use QTL mapping (see the…

A: Quantitative trait locus refers to a section of DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) that corresponds to…

Q: Your dream has come true, you’re a marine biologist studying Narwhals in the arctic. They have been…

A: The heritability of a trait is the proportion of the total variation in the trait that is due to…

Q: A new virus has been recently introduced to your snail population.  You think you’ve found a gene…

A: A chi-square (χ2) statistic is a measure of the difference between the observed and expected…

Q: calculate the probability that another person in the group of suspects is responsible for the crime.

A: Introduction The term allelic frequency refers to the probability of occurrence of an allele in a…

Q: New traits appear in most or all individuals in a population at the same time."   Please explain…

A: Trait emergence refers to the development or appearance of new characteristics or features in…

Q: The incidence of the recessive allele causing cystic fibrosis is 0.1% in a large city. What is the…

A: Recessive allele causing cystic fibrosis - 0.1%. Hardy Weinberg equation denotes: p2 + q2 + 2pq = 1…

Q: If additive genes contribute to all of the observed phenotypic variation for a quantitative…

A: Additive genes are the genes that code for the same trait whose effects work together on phenotype.…

Q: In a monogenic genotype, the frequency of a homozygous wild type trait is 64%. What is the frequency…

A: Inheritance is the process of transmitting the traits from parent to offspring. Traits of an…

Q: 1. In this example, DNA samples from four individuals were amplified for a particular gene. Which…

A: 1.  Answer: d) Matilda and Zeke It is because they share a similar allele that is allele 3. This…

Q: Create a fictional trait that Selection is acting against and describe: 1) What the trait consists…

A: Introduction Two alleles for a given gene in a diploid organism are expressed and interact to…

Q: You have just started working in a field research laboratory focused on a species of Redtailed…

A: Heritability is equal to genetic variance divided by total variance   Heritability can be classified…

Q: "The use or disuse of a trait explains why it evolved or was lost."   Please explain in detail why…

A: In 1800s, Jean-Baptiste Lamarck, a biologist and a French scientist give his contribution in…

Q: The following table shows the number of dogs for certain tail lengths in a population of dogs. Based…

A: Genes are the functional units of heredity. It carries information from one generation to another.…

Mitochondrial Mutations

A mitochondrion is a cellular organelle that serves as the site for cellular respiration and energy production (ATP or Adenosine Triphosphate). It is a double-membrane-bound organelle and is only present in eukaryotic cells.