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The Predictability Of P / E Ratio

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Introduction
This paper took a fairly broad range of academic papers and financial journals to investagate the predictability of P/E ratio and how does it react differently under different conditions; Basu (1977) was one of the main journal this paper heavily depend on which gave us generous knowledge and answers to the predictability of P/E ratio. Basu(1977) concluded low P/E ratio portfolios implied higher return than high P/E ratio portfolios and tested the market efficiency hypothesis.
Davis, Aliaga-Diaz and Thomas (2012) qualified the modest predictability of 1-year P/E ratio and 10-year P/E ratio among all other all other financial and economic parameters.

P., Shen. (2000) showed the relationship between the P/E ratio and the stock market performance. It implied that the high P/E ratio would be the sign of poor stock market performance, and the P/E ratio would fall back to the long-term average value, as the stocks’ prices falled in the following years.

Literature Review
Terminology of P/E ratio:
The price-earnings ratio (often shortened to the P/E ratio or the PER) is one of the most frequently used indicator to valuing companies or stocks, which is defined as the ratio of a company 's stock price to its earnings per share. For the P/E ratio of the stock, the euqation is giving below:

P/E Ratio = market value per share/earnings per share

The P/E ratio plays an important role in economists’ research and practical investment. Since for different applications

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