The manner in which scientific research is presented to experts and the general public primarily differs as a result of different objectives. In Dr. Master’s article “Pain Relief Through Photography”, she investigates the capacity at which viewing a photograph of one’s significant other can reduce pain. While scientists such as Dr. Master write to effectively communicate the methods they took to conduct their research and discuss the implications of the results they found, reporters such as Ms. Rabin write to garner interest and illustrate the “highlights” of the study. Both authors employ differing rhetorical strategies, tones, and vocabulary to achieve their objectives. In Dr. Master’s article, it’s evident she is tailoring her argument for an audience with experience in her field through her use of descriptive language, specific terminology, scientific formatting. While in Rabin’s article she approaches her audience by employing a colloquial tone, punchy writing style, and providing practical applications of the research.
The differences in each author’s approach to their respective audiences are immediately apparent from their varying titles. Dr. Master titles her article “A Picture’s Worth, Partner Photographs Reduce Experimentally Induced Pain” which is significantly different from Ms. Rabin’s title “Pain Relief Through Photography” While in Dr. Master’s title she uses specific wording and field-specific terminology, Ms. Rabin uses generalizing terms which
In this passage of The Great Influenza, author John M. Barry uses different rhetorical strategies in this selection to describe scientific research and how peculiar and strange it is. The usage of rhetorical strategies by Barry compels the reader to believe that scientific research is very mysterious and uncertain. Barry chose rhetorical strategies instead of other possible choices because rhetorical strategies forces the audience to think about what scientific research is really about and how scary it is. For each paragraph, Barry starts out by stating and idea and then throughout that paragraph explaining it by using a story or a rhetorical device. At the end of each paragraph Barry goes back to his original idea as his closing to paragraph.
Ann McKee is the director of the Boston University’s C.T.E Center. ““It’s very concerning,” Dr. Ann McKee, a principle author of the study as director of Boston University’s C.T.E Center, said of the college findings.” By using this example, the author of the article builds up credibility for both them and Dr. Ann McKee. The Editorial Board is a group of people who dictate tone and direction the publication’s editorial policy will take. The Editorial Board consists of 16 journalists with wide-ranged areas of expertise. The second tool The Editorial Board uses is pathos.
Closing, the writer is successful in making his opinion and perspective towards scientific research through the use of logos, pathos, and ethos. The overall analysis brought me to the conclusion that the John M. Barry portray scientific research as the chief ingredient to putting together answers and information. Yet still, doesn’t deny the complexity of scientific research and that’s its not straightforward as a scientist wishes it could be. Nevertheless, the benefits scientific research has brought along we see them everyday because of our overall advancement as a world. Didn’t I say knowledge is our most powerful weapon? Well observe, for it has destroyed the slow and premature society humans once used to live in and created a beautiful, diverse, and intelligent culture
The new insights increased sensitivity to others needs, an example is that the clinicians learning to listen attentively to not only to the manifest of patients, but the unexpressed or expression avoided.
However this article could have been perceived better if it had an intended audience other than the general public. She had enough evidence to support her claim and enough to say that it could have easily been made into a formal essay with a better, more educated audience offhand that might have taken her more seriously. While it is necessary to get information out there to everyone, perhaps the more educated population could have done more with this type of article.
When looking at each of the articles presented, there are defining factors that allow researchers to determine whether or not it is a scholarly or popular resource. Of the two articles, one can assert that the USA Today Article is a popular source and the article by Baker and Algorta (2016) is a scholarly source. Each of these sources has their advantages and disadvantages due to the stylistic devices employed by the writers. With the help of each article, knowledge of readers and viewers is expanded, and while there are some facets that detract from the quality of the knowledge gained, the readers benefits from the time spent reading.
John M. Barry uses the various different types of rhetorical strategies to characterize scientific research by comparing the opposites of both certainty and uncertainty, by referring to life in the woods as a metaphor towards the mind and creation of science, and a series of rhetorical questions that shows the process and mind of the scientists portrayed in John M Barry’s essay.
Crombie & Davies (1997) stated that the article title gives an understanding of what the study is going to be about and the author intentions of how the study will be done. The
Throughout this course I have learned many things about research at an introductory level. Research is a critical part of all of our lives in many ways. God blesses each of us with a degree of common sense and we all learn from observing others even as babies, we learned behaviors and skills by observing our parents. Walking through experiences throughout life teach us a lot we need to know as well but sometimes we have to take a better approach when we need to learn about certain things. Many of us know that what works in some situations or with certain individuals doesn’t always work or is the safest option for another situation. Controlled and precisely organized study allows scientists to compare and examine contrasting methods and concepts, also helps them to discover various approaches and be able to learn from individual’s behaviors and experiences. I will act as the case study throughout this paper in order to observe what I have learned about.
Chronic pain is a tremendous public health problem, and a costly one. As health care advances and the need for palliative care rises, patients and health care providers are constantly investigating alternative methods of pain treatment and management. Questioning and challenging traditional health policies and practices has created an interest in the use of cannabis as an alternative option to standard opioids, for the management of chronic pain. Cannabis, or marijuana, is a leafy green plant consisting of buds and leaves of the cannabis sativa forma indica plants. Marijuana has been used in holistic solutions for hundreds of years; it has also been especially prevalent among terminally ill cancer patients, who have been reported using it to alleviate symptoms like chronic pain, nausea and depression.
Chronic pain is a tremendous public health problem, and a costly one. As health care advances and the need for palliative care rises, patients and health care providers are constantly investigating alternative methods of pain treatment and management. Questioning and challenging traditional health policies and practices has created a curiosity in the use of cannabis as an alternative option to standard opioids, for the management of chronic pain. Cannabis, is a leafy green plant consisting of buds and leaves of the cannabis sativa forma indica plants. Marijuana has been used in holistic solutions for hundreds of years; it has also been especially prevalent among terminally ill patients, who have been reported using it to alleviate symptoms like chronic pain, nausea and depression.
Pain is not only defined as a sensation or a physical awareness, but also entails perception. Moreover, pain is an unpleasant and an uncomfortable emotion that is transferred to the brain by sensory neurons. There are various kinds of pain and how one perceives them is varied as well. Certain parts of the brain also play a key role in how one feels pain such as the parietal lobe, which is involved in interpreting pain while the hypothalamus is responsible for the response to pain one has. Although some believe pain is just a physical awareness and is in the body, pain is all in one’s mind because the perception of pain and the emotion that controls its intensity differs in individuals and when pain itself is administered to the body, the brain determines the emotions one attaches to each painful experience.
In the episode “Scientific Studies” on the tv show “Last Week Tonight with John Oliver”, he employs a plethora of rhetorical strategies to depict his point that not all “science” is necessarily science as most might assume; and how we as a people have become blinded and misled because these scientists are contradicting each other's’ findings. He does so by using humor, making comments that some people might be able to relate to, and by presenting basic logic and common knowledge.
According to Baridam (2001), it is not enough to review literature without presenting the studies by topic and determining how each of these topics relates to the researcher’s own study. A systematic presentation of the literature forms the foundation of the study.
The International Association for the Study of Pain defines pain as “an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with actual or potential tissue damage, or described in terms of such damage” (1979). Pain is actually the culprit behind warranting a visit to a physician office for many people (Besson, 1999). Notoriously unpleasant, pain could also pose a threat as both a psychological and economic burden (Phillips, 2006). Sometimes pain does happen without any damage of tissue or any likely diseased state. The reasons for such pain are poorly understood and the term used to describe such type of pain is “psychogenic pain”. Also, the loss of productivity and daily activity due to pain is also significant. Pain engulfs a trillion dollars of GDP for lost work time and disability payments (Melnikova, 2010). Untreated pain not only impacts a person suffering from pain but also impacts their whole family. A person’s quality of life is negatively impacted by pain and it diminishes their ability to concentrate, work, exercise, socialize, perform daily routines, and sleep. All of these negative impacts ultimately lead to much more severe behavioral effects such as depression, aggression, mood alterations, isolation, and loss of self-esteem, which pose a great threat to human society.