Effects of Running on the Musculoskeletal System
Running improves bone health by strengthening the bones through the virtue of Wolff's Law which states that bones respond to stress by reforming. This allows the bones to better handle the stress that is placed upon them. In the case of runners, their weight-bearing bones, like the legs and pelvis, are stronger because they are the ones which receive the most stress during the activity. But it is only weight bearing bones which benefit from running, therefore, supplemental exercises to improve overall bone health are suggested as well. However, in Health and Injuries' article "Is Running Enough for Your Bone Health?" (2012) it was said that some runner's bone density is no better than their inactive counterparts. Kirk Scofield, M.D. explained in his research review in Current Sports Medicine Reports that this is due to the imbalance in the calorie consumption and the energy need of the body. Those affected includes women of child-bearing age who stopped having regular menstrual
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Exercise, in general, improves the circulation in the muscles, as explained on the LiveStrong.com article "How Can Exercise Improve Your Muscular System?" (2014). Circulation is important because it delivers blood and oxygen which is needed to remove cellular wastes and metabolites in the muscle and to produce energy which is needed to enable one to do tasks. During exercise, there is alternating contraction and relaxation of the muscles which result in alternating increase and decrease in the blood flow as well. This improves the circulation which enhances energy and waste removal capacity of the muscles. Running is considered an endurance or aerobic exercise. Endurance or aerobic training is defined as a form of exercise in which light load is placed upon the muscle and contractions are sustained for a long period of time (Kisner & Colby, 2012). This type of exercise
The interrelated factors of the female athlete triad are energy availability, menstrual function, and bone mineral density each of which develops along a continuum. Each factor may progress to a point where it is a clinical condition such as an eating disorder. The three factors may be present together and have developed in sequence, low energy availability due to low energy (caloric) intake and high energy expenditure leads to amenorrhea that leads to osteoporosis, although each of these conditions can occur independently of the others. Whether alone or in combination with each other, when energy availability, menstrual function, and bone mineral density are comprimised they represent substantial health risks for the female athlete. Low
Running is a metal sport, no doubt. Training and preparing, also plays a pivotal role in a runner's ability, but can be deemed worthless without a strong mental game. I run cross country and
Cap and trade is a cost-effective method for reducing greenhouse gas emission/pollution. The amount of emissions that are produced by the economy (cap) is limited and allows those insured by the cap to trade amongst themselves (trade) in a flexible and cost-effective method/manner, creating a price on carbon pollution. The "cap" sets a maximum limit on the amount of greenhouse gas pollution that regulated emitters collectively can produce. Each year, the cap is lowered, requiring industry and other greenhouse gas polluters, such as natural gas distributors and other fuel suppliers, to reduce their emissions. The "trade" refers to a market where companies can buy or sell “allowances,” or pay others to reduce emissions on their behalf, in
Kinesiology focuses on two categories of physical activity which is exercise and skilled movements. Athletes will do exercises to improve or retrieve their performance, maintain body health, stamina and body appearance. Running or weight lifting is to improve fitness or improve athlete health and strength. It is also to reduce body fat or change the appearance of the athlete's body. Weight training such as bodybuilders have their own goals which is to increase their muscle size so that they can achieve an ideal appearance. Some of them may endeavor to increase endurance or endurance of the heart, also known as exercise.(Hoffman, 2009)
Exercising stimulates Vasodilation and Vasoconstriction to facilitate the oxygen delivered to the muscles. It also keeps the blood vessels healthy and stops the accumulation of cholesterol and harmful substances. It can also help on warming up and cooling down of the
This article is about the fast growing technique of endurance running, which has evolved over the years significantly. Although it may seem like a bit trendy and popular, this particular type of running has its pros and cons. Due to the fact that endurance running includes a various amount of repetitive ground impact forces, it is not unlikely for one to develop a stress injury to the lower leg. In order to decrease the risk that comes along with endurance running, preventative measures should be enforced. When running some of the most common injuries that one may be at risk for are patellofemoral pain syndrome, tibial stress fractures, plantar fasciitis, and Achilles tendonitis. But in this article, a new study suggests that Barefoot running contains the potential to promote the healing process, increase performance, and decrease injury rates. Still to this day disagreement exists as to whether barefoot/minimalist running stimulates healing, increases performance and decreases injury rates.
Femaleathletetriad.org states that one of the causes is weakened bones, which, in the most severe form, is known as osteoporosis. This state of weakened bones leads to an increased risk for injury, especially when it comes to stress fractures (femaleathletetriad.org). Many runners get stress fractures in their shins, located on the most forward side of the calves. Stress fractures originate mainly from over exercising with not enough recovery, not eating properly balanced meals, or from a mixture of the two. I can personally advocate for this, as a few years ago on my own cross country team a sophomore girl cut meat and milk out of her diet while continuing to do the very demanding varsity practices. Because she lacked the protein and calcium to fuel her muscle and bones, she developed a very bad case of shin splints, making it nearly impossible to run at her full
In the early seventeenth century, King James I gave authority to the Virginia Company to colonize North America . The Virginia Company had two branches, the London and the Plymouth Companies. In 1607 each company deployed ships with colonists bound for America. These first settlements laid the initial long-term groundwork for the Native American and English interaction. The English had to rely on the first hand experiences of the early settlers with the Native Americans to determine how to proceed with these foreign people. The accounts of the early settlers portrayed the Native Americans to be barbaric, uncivilized, and a cruel people. This paper will analyze three personal interpretations of interactions with Native Americans ranging from 1612 to 1624.
Exercise and physical activity deliver oxygen and nutrients to your tissues and help your cardiovascular system work more efficiently.
Low bone mineral density can result in stress fractures within a female’s body (6). Female athletes with menstrual dysfunction often display low levels of the reproductive hormones estrogen and progesterone. When the levels of these hormones are low, it is difficult for bones to retain calcium which causes a gradual loss of bone mass. It has been proven that when comparing amenorrhic athletes to athletes with regular menstrual cycles, the bone mineral density if reduced by 14% in amenorrhic athletes and 27% in regular athletic women (7). All three conditions result in serious health and body conditions which can decrease a female’s ability to participate in physical activities. The female athlete triad is considered to be a significant health concern.
Runners who plan to run on a regular basis or in races such as a marathon should adequately prepare their bodies and their minds before running at all. To do this, runners should begin the Good Form Running Clinics. These programs are designed to educate novice to advanced runners on correct running form, and to prepare them for running long distances. Running form is critical in running efficiently and preventing injuries. Running efficiently is all about form and breathing. Poor posture can put excess stress on back and knees. “If your back arches, your body weight tends to shift back, making you more prone to overstriding” (Hamilton 9). If your form is irregular, this can cause an inefficient use of your lungs. This occurs because runners tend to tense up when running for long periods of time. This inefficient way of running can lead to a decrease in oxygen intake, which can lead to an insufficient amount of blood getting to the parts of the body where it is most needed for exercise. For a person to maintain good body position, he or she must have their head over shoulders, shoulders over hips, hips over the mid-foot upon landing and arms swinging directly ahead (Brendan 6). If a runner fails to have correct running form, it can lead to joint issues that can inhibit the runner from completing a
One muscle group that must be worked out is the calf muscle. This muscle is made up of two muscles (the gastrocnemius muscle and the soleus muscle) and can be strengthened in a few different ways. Some exercises that can benefit the calf muscles are: The Double-Leg Calf Raise, which requires your body weight, The Single-Leg Calf Raise, which helps your body get aligned to protect your joints, The Seated Calf Raise, which can work both your gastrocnemius muscle and your soleus muscle, Running, Walking, and Hiking. All of these exercises can be done quite easily and efficiently. There are also various reasons to strengthen this muscle. One of these reasons is that it is not good for your calf muscle to be weak or thin, especially if you are
Running is the purest form of exercise. Its simplicity requires minimal equipment or experience, as the running motion is an innate movement for the human body. More specifically ultra running is beyond the marathon distance of 26.2 miles and incorporates distances of 50, 100, and 200-mile races. While it takes any novice athlete to take part in the simple act of running a few advanced individuals turn running into an art form and expand their expertise to endurance running as seen in ultra marathon competitions. Running is currently applicable to society as the proportion of obese to healthy individuals continues to increase. As a result of the obesity epidemic - health and wellness has hit major media headlines - running in general has transformed into the most popular mode of exercise. The increasing popularity in running has brought more attention to the specific world of ultra running and researchers, health practitioners, and the media have become critics of the how running extreme distances can be detrimental to health. While many argue that ultra running will pose greater health risks for the competing individuals, historically distance running has been a crucial component of human survival and evolution further supporting the development of biomechanical and physiological health benefits.
Job and his friends were not aware that his (Job) suffering was inflicted by the devil who sought permission from the Lord to test the faithfulness of Job towards God. After Job suffered the loss of all his children and possession as well as well as being afflicted with sores all over his body, his friends Zophar, Bildad and Eliphaz sought to find meaning as to why all this occurrences. They tried to explain that it was because of sin that God punished man; this being a key argument of the law as written in Deuteronomy 28, wisdom literature in Psalms 37; 92; Proverbs 10:27-30 and Old Testament prophecies and that this could have been the case with Job. On the other hand, Job who had a strong belief on the justice of God accused God of injustice in the sense that He (God) was not adhering to his own rule considering Job believed that he has been faithful to God and has been careful to avoid any kind of evil.
Although there are some negatives with running, there are also many positives. Many people run because of the health reasons. It is good for the heart and lungs and people run in the fresh air. Running outside rather than inside is good for you too because of the fresh air. Running also relieves tension, by running, people can think about their problems without having to worry about anyone hearing them. They can think about whatever