Research Paper On Testicular Cancer

The patient requests a more intensive service or test that is deemed to be medically necessary by the provider.

Note: In the real scenario, the medical student would be handed test results and he/she would need to interpret them. Since there are 4 possible tests, we did not

For instance, genital disease is associated with carcinoma in about 4-7% of patients. Perianal disease is associated with underlying colorectal carcinoma in 25-35% of cases.

Initially, the professor’s assignment provides a unique view on what normal diagnostic tests usually are, and the instructions for his assignment allow me to think of what I would write as a

Purpose: We recently demonstrated that pathologic analysis of benign scrotal surgical specimens may be unnecessarily increasing costs of patient care. Adult circumcision specimens may also routinely be sent for pathological analysis even when penile cancer is not suspected, increasing costs with little benefit. To assess the utility of foreskin pathology analysis, we evaluated the outcomes and the costs of this practice in patients where penile cancer was not suspected.

What additional laboratory or radiological tests would be indicated and why? What would you expect to find?

they had said that Ksol and Pelvic and HepB are all causes of the cancer and catches

For males the following diseases that can be prevented include genital warts, and the following cancers anal, throat, mouth, and penile (CDC, 2016). Cervical cancer from HPV are caused by HPV types 16 and 18 by 70%, anal cancer is caused by HPV type 16 by 95%, and throat and mouth cancer is caused by type 16 by 70% (NIH National Cancer Institute, 2016). Type 16 also causes cancer in the following areas vagina by 65%, vulva by 50%, and penile by 35% (NIH National Cancer Institute,

Paediatric germ cell tumors (GCT) account for around 3.5% of all childhood cancers for children under the age of 15 year, but between the ages 15 and 19 the frequency goes up to 16%. Up to one third are extra-gonadal neoplasms and the most common sites are the sacrococcygeal or retroperitoneal region, and the pineal gland. The incidence of extra-gonadal tumors varies widely by age (higher in younger age) and gender (more often in girls on a younger age, while intracranial/intraspinal tumors are more common in boys of an older

I actually didn’t even know penile cancer was a thing before this project. It is rare but you never know if you’re at risk. That’s why, with every cancer, it’s always best to detect

interpret the results of diagnostic and laboratory examinations undergone by our client and identify the corresponding nursing considerations;

The earlier cancer is found, the better chances of survival. Unfortunately for the man in the scenario, Mike, primary prevention will not be beneficial. However, with the knowledge of testicular cancer risk factors, the nurse practitioner can identify men at risk for testicular cancer and perform the necessary primary prevention interventions. According to Wanzer, Foster, Servoss, and Labelle (2014), by promptly identifying signs of testicular cancer, treatment can begin, and survival rates will improve. Wanzer et al. (2014) found that by educating awareness of testicular cancer and how to properly perform a testicular self-exam, there was an increase in likelihood of consistent self-examinations and an increase in knowledge about this cancer that particularly affects young adult males. To break the barriers down associated with testicular self-exams, the authors provided multiple routes to disseminate preventative knowledge, such as pamphlets and electronic media. The education discussed the age range that testicular cancer occurs, signs and symptoms, how to perform a self-exam, and

Cancer is a disease that takes many forms and affects a multitude of people in the world. The specific type of malignancy will determine the proper course of treatment to take to deal with the illness. The most prevalent type of cancer in males between the ages 15 to 34 is testicular cancer (Cavayero et al., 2015). As a result, this is also the most common cancer in young men around the world and the cause of 1-2% of all male tumors (Carey et al., 2015). In the US, we see around 9000 new testicular cancer diagnoses made per year (Agarwal et al., 2015). However, even with the malignancy’s prevalence in the world, testicular cancer is one of the great success stories in the advancement of treatments and cures. Due to the effectiveness of different treatments, testicular cancer has about a 98% 5-year survival rate and a very positive prognosis when detected early on (Cavayero et al., 2015). Some of the standard treatment options used by patients in the course of their disease are orchiectomies, radiotherapy, chemotherapy and active surveillance (Meyts et al., 2013). In addition, retroperitoneal lymph node dissection (RPLND) is another surgical option that is becoming a more common and viable option for patients (Dudderidge, 2014). However, even with the high rates of success and remission, we see many potential long-term physical and psychological effects from the disease and it’s treatments.

Cancer is the name given to diseases in which the body's cells become abnormal cells divide without control in this division and these are cancer cells by attacking nearby or adjacent tissue or it may spread through the blood vessels or lymph to other parts of the body. Prostate cancer is a type of cancer which is formed and evolved into the prostate gland (Bono, Johann, et al., 2010). This is similar to the prostate gland, in the form, walnut, which is responsible for seminal fluid, which nourishes and transmits sperm cell production (Varambally, Divaid et al., 2002). Prostate cancer is one of the most common cancers that appear in males. Getting a result of the diagnosis that confirms infection of the prostate gland cancer may constitute

Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a common sexually transmitted infection. HPV family of viruses comprises many oncogenic and non-oncogenic types that cause anal, penile, and oropharyngeal cancers and anogenital warts in men respectively. Men who have sex with men (MSM) are at particularly high risk for HPV infection and HPV-related disease (Markowitz et al., 2014). In one study, oncogenic HPV types 16 and/or 18 were detected in 37% of MSM between ages 16 and 30 years (Glick et al., 2014). Anal cancer rates are more than 17 times higher among MSM compared to their heterosexual counterpart (Daling et al., 2004, Joseph et al., 2008; Machalek et al., 2012). Anal cancer rates are even higher among HIV-positive MSM (Silverberg et al., 2012). Moreover, recent data revealed a rapid increase in HPV associated oropharyngeal cancers rates among men in the United States (Charturvedi et al., 2011). Aside from cancer, HPV associated anogenital warts negatively affect quality of life and are expensive to treat (Woodhall et al., 2011). Close to 7% of gay and bisexual men report history of genital warts. (Dinh et al., 2008)