Phenotypes Lab Report

Suppose the feather color of a bird is controlled by two alleles, D and d. The D allele results in dark feathers, while the d allele results in lighter feathers.

parent carried the b allele. The F1 offspring of such a cross would be Bb, and

Apply your understanding of how alleles assort and combine during reproduction to evaluate a scenario involving a monohybrid cross.

For one of the monohybrid crosses you performed in this Investigation, describe how to use the phenotype ratios to determine

The “Brassica rapa” is a fast plant known as the field mustard. This plant is well known for its rapid growing rate, which makes it an easy breeding cycle and easy to pollinate. In giving so this makes “Brassica rapa” a great participant for testing Gregor Mendel’s theories of inheritance. The “Brassica rapa” acts like a test subject in testing cross-pollination giving the understanding to the dominant allele of colored stems. There are different colors that are visible on the stem that are above the soil; the colors vary from green to purple. P1 seed was ordered, germinated and cross-pollinated until germination of the next off spring of plants were also done. It was

Based on your results for the female offspring, predict whether color blindness is a dominant or recessive trait. Explain your reasoning.

_____ In swine, when a pure-breeding red is crossed with a pure-breeding white the F1 are all red. However, the F2 shows 9 red, 1 white and 6 of a new color, sandy. The Sandy phenotype is most likely determined by

The Drosophila melanogaster is a fruit fly with a very short life cycle. They can be winged or wingless, and have red eyes or white eyes. The different options are called alleles. Alleles are the variants of a specific gene, and one is received from each parent on each chromosome. (“What Are Dominant and Recessive?”). It was chosen to use winged females and wingless males to predict the offspring in this experiment. The winged allele is dominant, meaning it only needs one allele to physically appear. The wingless allele is recessive, which gets covered up by the dominant allele (“Fruit Fly Genetics”). Each trait has two alleles in the flies’

Typically, when true bred parents (homozygous dominant and homozygous recessive) are crossed the F2 generation of that cross will produce a phenotypic ratio of 9:3:3:1 based on Mendel’s laws of inheritance that genes assort independently of each other and that alleles separate from each other during mitosis and meiosis. (Badano & Katsanis, 2002). Based on this knowledge, it was hypothesized that the F2 generation of fruit flies in the vial would produce a 9:3:3:1 ratio and the null hypothesis stated that there would be no deviation between the observed and expected results of the 9:3:3:1

It would be expected that the mutant F1 flies would be heterozygous for the allele responsible for the grounded trait. If two F1 flies were mated, the percentage of flies that would be expected to be wildtype in the F2 generation would be 25% mutants given that the mutant allele (ap) is predicted to be recessive and, leaving 75% to be wildtype (ap+).

This lab had 2 exercises. Exercise 9.1 involved observing pictures of 60 F2 offspring and recording the phenotypes for 6 different traits. Exercise 9.2 required us to perform the “chi-square test” to determine whether the data we collected matches the standard Mendelian ratio.

You are also provided with a heterozygous female, and a homozygous recessive male for a genetic cross. In this particular female, all the dominant alleles are on one chromosome, and the recessive counterparts are on the other homologous chromosome. Due to a chromosomal condition, in the female no recombination occurs between the M and N loci. Normal recombination occurs between the L and M loci. Diagram this cross, and show the genotypes and frequencies of all offspring expected from this cross.

A vial was set up for the F1 cross, such as was done in Week One. The F1 generation was anesthetized with FlyNap. The number of male and females were observed in Table 1. Five males and five females were added to the new culture to create the F2 generation.

Assignment 2: F1first filial generation of a genetic cross Brigitte Izza Florida International University 2017 What makes an organism unique and similar but different to its family is its genomic information inherited (Griffiths, 2015). An individual’s genetic information depends on the parent’s genetic information and on environmental factors (Pierce, 2014). In terms of genetics, a male organism that mates with a female organism would be called parental generation; their offspring would be from the same specie as the parents (the parental generation) but with slight changes because of the recombination of the genes and would be called the first filial generation. If the offspring (male or female) mates with another organism of same specie, their offspring would still have very similar genetic information with slight more changes and would be called the second filial generation of that family (Griffiths, 2015). In other words, for instance a dog that belongs to an F1 generation would share most of the general traits like: colors and size

For our first generation (F1) of flies we chose to cross apterous (+) females and white-eye (w) males. We predicted that the mutation would be sex linked recessive. So if the female was the sex with the mutation then all females would be wild type heterozygous. Heterozygous is a term used when the two genes for a trait are opposite. The males would all be white eye since they only have one X chromosome. If the males were the sex that had the mutation then all the flies would be wild type but the females would be heterozygous.