Identifying Organic Compounds
Joe Harris 11/12/07
1. Background Organic compounds are, by definition, any chemical compound containing carbon. These compounds include carbohydrates, polysaccharides, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids. Each one of these compounds has a different purpose. Carbohydrates give energy to cells when consumed. Lipids are basically the fats of a cell. Proteins are the building blocks of muscle in a cell. Nucleic acids are used to transfer genetic information from one cell to the other. The purpose of this lab is to simply determine the absence or presence of the main
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7.When water bath is ready, put each test tube into the water bath. Wait 5 minutes.
8.After 5 minutes, remove test tubes from the water bath set in test tube holder and record results. Also turn off hot plate.
9.Clean both test tubes thoroughly.
10. Repeat steps 2 and 3.
11.Add 10 drops of Lugol's solution to each test tube.
12.Swirl to mix.
13.Record data.
14.Clean both test tubes thoroughly.
15.Repeat steps 2 and 3.
16.Add 10 drops of Biuret solution to each test tube.
17.Swirl to mix.
18.Wait 1-2 minutes.
19.Record data.
3. Data and Results A. Data Tables
Benedict's Test
Test Tube
Original Color
Final Color
Tube Contains
+ or -
A
Light Blue
Orange
Sugar
+
B
Light Blue
Light Blue
Still Unknown
-
Lugol's Test
Test Tube
Original Color
Final Color
Tube Contains
+ or -
A
Clear
Yellow
Still Unknown
-
B
Clear
Dark Purple
Starch
+
Biuret Test
Test Tube
Original Color
Final Color
Tube Contains
+ or -
A
Clear
Light Purple
Protein
+
B
Clear
Clear
Clear
-
4. Conclusion During the Benedict's test, the contents of tube B did not change, indicating the absence of sugar in that particular substance. However, the contents of tube A did change orange indicating the presence of sugar in that substance. During the Lugol's test, the content of tube A did not change dark purple indicating the absence of starch in that substance However, the content of tube B changed to dark purple
Put a small amount of water in one side of the choice chamber and make sure it’s not a lot of water.
b) Benedict test the solution color will change from blue to pink/orange red, indicating simple sugars are present. Lugols test the solution color will change from yellowish brown to dark purple, indicating starch and polysaccharides are present. Sudan iV test the lipid content will turn into red, indicating lipids are
11. The purpose of placing ht test tubes in a hot water bath is to stimulate the temperature of the human
Next, we tested the nitrates. We began by adding one Nitrate Wide Range CTA TesTab into the tub with water. Next, we put the cap on and placed the TesTab into the protective sleeve. We then shook the tube for approximately 2 minutes and then waited 5 additional minutes until we removed the tab from the
2. Used a test tube clamp to held the test tube and gently heated the tube in a laboratory burner flame for about 30 seconds.
1. View the three scenarios listed below. You must observe and analyze these as part of the lab.
Get worms and put 1 in each of the test tubes in the different temperatures of water.
Submerge the graduated cylinder in the plastic tub so that it is completely filled with water. Hold the open end of the graduated cylinder and move it vertically upside-down where the open end of the graduated cylinder is still submerged in the plastic tub. Clamp the graduated cylinder the ring stand of the lab table to keep it in place. perforate a hole in the top of the rubber cork for the solution container. Cut a straw the length of about four inches. place the straw inside of the rubber cork hole. Set up your timer for two minutes.
This section will dealt with the main organic molecules in living things: carbohydrates, fats ( lipids ), proteins and nucleic acids.
Atoms are the basic units of matter and all life is based on them. Life on earth is based on the element carbon. It is a highly versatile atom able to form four covalent bonds with itself or other atoms such as hydrogen and water. Atoms combine to form molecules and those that are carbon based are referred to as organic molecules. Organic molecules occur in four different types in living cells; carbohydrates, lipids, proteins and nucleic acids. They are also known as hydrocarbons due to the presence of both hydrogen and carbon. Carbohydrates are made up of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen in the ratio 1:2:1. They are important sources of energy and are classified in three main groups; monosaccharides, disaccharides and polysaccharides.
a. Collect 3 or 4 beetroot cores from the beaker provided. Cut each core into 2 cm sections until you have enough for one core for each temperature of water bath that you will be using. Put your 2 cm sections into a test tube with plenty of
Half of each tube’s contents are poured into a new test tube each respectively after the tubes are incubated for 1 hour. One set of tubes is tested for:
4.Measure 35mL of warm water and add them into each of the 4 test tubes at about roughly the same time. It is essential that the water is warm. Do not seal the test tube.
After the 5-minute period, take the Elodea and thermometer out of the beaker, pour the mixture into the beaker down the drain and rinse.
Although organic reactions have been conducted by man since the discovery of fire, the science of Organic chemistry did not develop until the turn of the eighteenth century, mainly in France at first, then in Germany, later on in England. By far the largest variety of materials that bombard us are made up of organic elements. The beginning of the Ninetieth century was also the dawn of chemistry, all organic substances were understood