Janu Barot
Database System
Midterm Exam
Document based data modeling technique and relational technique
In todays era, the volume of data we manage has developed to terabytes. As the volume of data continues developing, the sorts of data produced by applications get to be wealthier than some time recently. Subsequently, traditional relational databases are tested to catch, visualize, seek, share, break down, and store data. We find many difficulties in managing big data using traditional data modeling techniques. We still need an advance modeling techniques threw which we can solve problems of managing big data. There are two types of data models in data base system one is relational model and other is non
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Column-based or wide column NOSQL systems: These systems segment a table by column into column families where every column family is put away in its own records. They additionally permit forming of data qualities. Chart based NOSQL systems: Data is spoken to as graphs, and related hubs can be found by navigating the edges utilizing way expressions Data with the accompanying attributes is appropriate for a NoSQL system firstly, Data volume becoming quickly secondly, Columnar development of data then, Document and tuple data Lastly, Hierarchical and graph data. Data with the accompanying qualities may be more qualified for a conventional relational database management system is On-Line Transaction Processing required atomicity, consistency, disengagement, toughness prerequisites (ACID) then Complex data relationship and Complex question prerequisites [2] Apache Cassandra are example of BigTable-style Databases Oracle Coherence, Kyoto Cabinet is case of of Key-Value Stores. mongo DB and Couch DB is example of document database and neo4j and flock dB is case of graph database. [4]. I have selected document base data modeling to compare and contras with relational data modeling. Now before starting compare and contras of document base data modeling and relational data modeling I would like to explain what does data modeling and relational data modeling means. A data model is an accumulation of ideas that can be utilized to depict the
An enterprise data model presents an abstraction of a more complicated real-world event or object. Generally, a data is graphical simple representation, of an interconnected real organization’s data structures. The main function of the data model is to help in understanding the complexities of a particular organization. A data model within a database environment brings out the data structures, their transformations, constraints, relations, and characteristics, thus providing a blueprint of
A chi-square test for independence was used to compare the conditions of the defendant’s mental illness and the verdict that participants have chosen. The results indicated that for the defendant’s age (13, 17, or 21), there was not any significant difference of how participants chose the guilty or NGRI verdict, "x" ^"2" " " ("2,N=148" )"=.70,p=.706 " . However, for the defendant’s mental illness, there was a significant difference of participants choosing the NGRI verdict for schizophrenia than clinical depression, "x" ^"2" " " ("1,N=148" )"=4.55,p=.033". As shown in Figure 1, there is a difference in the count of individuals who have chosen the guilty verdict for depression and the schizophrenia. For depression, there was a count of 55 participants who sentenced a defendant with depression the guilty verdict, as compared to the 21 participants who have given the NGRI verdict. For the schizophrenia condition, whereas more participants (40) chose the guilty verdict, 32 participants chose the NGRI verdict. For participants who chose the guilty verdict, when asked what sentence they would give the defendant (e.g., imprisonment, death penalty, or other forms of treatment such as hospitalization, mental institution), 45 participants in the
Databases are the center of many technology and non-technology focused businesses. They are used in retail, healthcare, education and government. Databases are essentially in entering, storing, managing and referencing data, and can be simple in nature, or extremely complex. In order for a database to be implemented correctly, planning is required. Planning takes place from the moment of idea inception, and continues throughout multiple stages of the planning process (typically during the analysis and design phases). An Entity-relationship diagram, or ERD, is a visual layout or plan for a database. An ERD is defined as “a graphical model that shows the logical model of the data for an organization (Dischiave, n.d.).” ERDs should follow the industry standard best practices in order to be most effective and useful overall. ERDs that do not follow certain best practices, which are outlined in this paper, could cause delays, inconsistencies, or lasting problems when designing and implementing a database. ERDs should follow set business rules, follow appropriate, effective and consistent naming conventions, should clearly outline unary, binary and ternary relationships, should include attributes, entities and relationships and should be clear and easy to follow (Hoffer, 2012). The article entitled
If the finance department wanted to find the total compensation paid to each employee in the same month as the first query a slightly different query would be run to generate that information. The first code simply pulled the information and did not include and computation because the finance department only requested to be able to determine as in pull up the record for employee’s commission paid. The second code will include computation which will divide the yearly salary by twelve months then multiples the commission rate by the total amount of product sold and lastly add those two numbers together to get the total compensation for that month. Unfortunately the coding that I am using is not generating a proper result. However, it should look something like this:
Data objects can model relational data or advanced data types such as graphics, movies, and audio. Smalltalk, C++, Java, and others are objects used in object-oriented data. The object-relational is a combination of relational and object-oriented databases. Traditional and advanced data types can be used to construct database management systems. These systems can connect to a company’s website and update records as needed. Database Approach The main purpose of a database is data storage that can be stored and retrieved when needed. A popular common language called structured query language (SQL) is used to store and retrieve data in relational database. This language enables the systems to run a report or modify data or remove the data from the database. A database management system (DBMS) controls all aspects of a database, this is not limited to the creation, maintenance, and use of database. The DBMS ensures proper applications are able to access the database. An important purpose of a DBMS is to maintain the data definitions (data dictionary) for all the data elements in the database. It also enforces data integrity and security measures. Data Models Data models provide a contextual framework and graphical representation that aid in the definition of data elements. In a relational database, the data model lays the foundation for the database and identifies important entities,
Firstly a relational database contains a set of tables which basically are linked collectively by the relationships between the tables. Also it is also known as reason such as a database is called relational database.
The modern RDBMS advancements are not capable of supporting unstructured information with ideal space necessity. The plan winds up plainly mind-boggling and is henceforth troublesome for designers. The requirement for unstructured information administration is so annoying with conventional RDBMS arrangements (Big data in financial services industry: Market trends, challenges, and prospects 2013 - 2018). Moreover, RDBMS turns out to be an exorbitant answer for creating light-footed web applications with direct information investigation necessities. NoSQL is developing as a proficient possibility in this situation, which connects the issues related with RDBMS innovation. The market development can credit to creative dispatches of NoSQL arrangements, and collective endeavors by NoSQL sellers and clients. The endeavors of organizations, to enhance their market offerings, are creating the request of NoSQL, as a back-end bolster (Big data in financial services industry: Market trends, challenges, and prospects 2013 - 2018). The emergence of agile software development is creating the demand for NoSQL (Big data in financial services industry: Market trends, challenges, and prospects 2013 - 2018). They offer users much more avenues to accept data in many different forms. NoSQL is adaptable as SQL but offers many more uses that can apply to many organizations.
This model is most common if it is compared with network and relational database because it can be manage by huge amounts of data for difficult projects.
It is easier to compare no-SQL systems to the characteristics of traditional relational databases because they have evolved from them. No-SQL models can be characterised by:
STRUCTURE OF DATA: The data structure of a relational database comprises of table structure. Every table is identified by a unique name or label. The data tables are described as the collection of rows and columns. Each row of the table is known as the record and each column is known as the field of the specific data table. All the data sets are well organized and logical linked to each other through definite and unique relationships. A table, therefore can also be defined as the “structured collection of relationships”. The fundamental aim of developing No SQL database systems is to easily and effectively handle vast quantity of data or information in advanced web-scale applications. In order to achieve this purpose, the No SQL systems are designed as the schema-free database systems. There are different modes to define the No SQL databases that typically depend on the requirements of the data that has to be managed. The main No SQL data structures include column database, key-value store database, document store database, graph database and
Answer: The term data warehouse is often used to refer to a system that extracts data from one or more sources, in order to transform and store in a model suitable for presentation and analysis. It can also be used to refer to just the database used in the aforementioned type of system. There are two main approaches to building a data warehouse, the Kimball approach and the Inmon approach.
Some of the challenges faced by relational databases were the mismatch that resulted when transforming graphs into tables. On the other hand, when a database was needed only for simples tasks like logging, the relational database had too much more than what was required. Web applications have many different types of attributes which does not fit easily into a relational database, which makes it a burden to handle. For example, videos, text and source code are different types of attributes from the web, which have to be stored in various tables if relational databases are used, because of its strict schema. Qualities like these, make RDBMS, a not-so-wise choice to handle blogs and other web applications. The massive data that has to be taken care of in web applications complicates data handling for famous webpages like Amazon, Google and Facebook. Factors like trillions and trillions of read and write requests which needs to be responded with minimal or no latency, leads these organizations to maintain their own hardware in clusters of thousands. The “One solution for all” is
Students should identify concepts evenly from the subject they have studied in a block and write down as to how these concepts applied or could be used in the learned subject.
Along with the system design, detailed numerical models (e.g. control models, mathematical models, data constraints) can be added into the analytical framework to decrease the uncertainty of simulation results. In this process, the qualitative models should be validated to ensure consistency with numerical models. During this process, the expressions of propositional logics and linear temporal logics are replaced by High Order Logics. An example of numerical model implementation is demonstrated in Fig 5; after specifying plant power, a form of proportional-integral-derivative (PID) control can be implemented and assigned to the software “Control Routine”. Note that the meaning and actual values of each parameter are gathered from the
Paper-based documents have been widely used by people since paper was invented. Business, customers and suppliers use paper-based documents like letters, flyers, catalogue, invoice etc. to communicate. Businesses use paper-based documents to refer back to any concerns or catch up on people who have not paid.