Cjc/111 Week 2 Writing Assignment

Each of these theories had led to many new theories used today, such as the Rational Choice theory, Biosocial and Psychological Theory, Critical Theory, Cultural Deviance Theory, Life Course Theory, and many more. The one thing in common with every theory is that they all explain at least one behavioral factor that leads to crime. Today, all these theories, and more, are researched and taken into account when trying to understand why a criminal does what they do.

The Court's failure to put forward a convincing justification of its own could perhaps be excused if it were relying upon the unanimous conclusion of state courts in the reasoned development of their common law. It cannot do that, since no State has such a privilege apart from legislation. The Court concedes that there is "divergence among the States concerning the types of therapy relationships protected and the exceptions recognized." "The reasons for recognizing a privilege for treatment by psychiatrists and psychologists apply with equal force to treatment by a clinical social worker such as Karen Beyer. Today, social workers provide a significant amount of mental health treatment. Their clients often include the poor and those of modest means who could not afford the assistance of a psychiatrist or psychologist, but whose counselling sessions serve the same public goals."

Nestled in Southern Indiana just west of Louisville, Kentucky and south of Indianapolis, Indiana is Dubois County, Indiana. Dubois County is comprised of the towns of Birdseye, Ferdinand, Holland, Huntingburg and Jasper. Of those towns, Jasper is the largest and is the county seat (Kelly School of Business, 2014). Over fifty-two percent of the population consists of adults ranging from 25-64 years of age (Kelly School of Business, 2014). The leading cause of mortality in this county is heart disease, cancer, suicide and injuries (Memorial Hospital and Health Care Center & Dubois County Health Department, 2011).

　　N.C.G.S 14-230 Willfully failing to discharge duties. This crime is being committed when any clerk of court, sheriff, magistrate, school board member, county commissioner, county surveyor, coroner, treasurer, or official of any of the State institutions, or of any county, city or town willfully neglects or refuses to discharge any of their duties of their office.

I am writing to express my sincere appreciation and to thank you for supporting H.R. 6261.

The Department of Corrections has continuously changed their goals and objectives throughout the history of corrections. The continuous changes to policies have many contributing factors beginning with the Attorney General, Governors, and appointed directors of the incarceration establishments. With changing laws, new problems arising and changing political stand points based on campaign agendas prisons themselves have been forced to adapt. When asked what the objectives of punishment are here in the U.S., my first thought would be that the goal of punishment would be to enforce society’s laws and

Classical theory states that crime is committed when there are more benefits to committing the crime than punishments. It also states that crime is a choice and is done with free will (Beccaria, 2013). Positivist’s theory says that biological defects are what lead to crime (Lombroso, 2013). Additionally, that criminal’s had

A common justification for punishment is that it deters people from committing crime by using the example of those who are punished to reinforce fear of punishment (Walen, 2016, p.741). Mandatory sentences for habitual offenders would be beneficial when applied appropriately; mandatory sentences will keep repeat offenders with menacing and violent backgrounds off the street making our communities safer while promoting the interest of public safety and protecting the rights of individuals. This law should only apply to habitual offenders who are a threat to society who do not get a mental hold of the rehabilitation process, comprehend it fully or make use of it. From a deontological perspective, the punishment must fit the crime (Williams &

“There aren't any magic bullets that can end America's continuing battle with crime and addiction”. M, S. (2015). The word punishment is known to be a form of Discipline. In order to better understand the nature of punishment, is to consider the development to morally justify the society infliction of what punishment is and how they present it. The correctional system has a type of system such as; monitoring, supervision, punishment, and treatment for the different type of range, in criminal offenders who are convicted due to violations of the law.

Additionally, epistemological assumptions pertain to how knowledge is obtained through investigating origins, structure, methods, and the validity of knowledge (Bohm & Vogel, 2011). Consequently, crime theories are based on the assumption that the world can be understood through science, that is, the human capacity to observe and to reason (Bohm & Vogel, 2011, p. 3). The last assumptions are metaphysical assumptions, which addresses the question of what is nature of reality (Bohm & Vogel, 2011). Furthermore, present in all criminology theory are two ontological assumptions, and the first assumption addresses whether human behavior is free willed or determined (Bohm & Vogel, 2011). Subsequently, the next assumption considers the inherent condition of human beings, or the condition of human beings in a hypothetical state of nature (Bohm & Vogel,

The five rationales for punishment for law violations are societal or victim satisfaction, removing the offending perpetrator from societal interaction, prevention of possible future crime, changing offender psychology and ideology, and returning the victim to post-crime circumstances if possible (Bohm, & Haley, 2014). Subsequently, the justification for incapacitation is that it removes the potential that the offender can commit further crime. Moreover, the previous justification ties into the deterrence of crime due to the incarceration of the offender and is an example of likely consequences to other possible offenders. Additionally, the prospect of behavior change is an eternal hope; ergo society hopes that help programs, fines, probation,

First off, there have been ample amounts of disapproval in relation to the general theory of crime, because many scholars feel that Gottfredson and Hirschi (1990) failed to include the

In contrast to the positivism approach, classical theory has a different way of explanation why crime occur. Classical theory

I believe a weakness of this theory is that it does not explain why everyone commits crime. It also shifts the blame from the individual who committed the crime to the factors that may have caused the crime to take place. An example would be instead of the person who steals being blamed for the crime, the blame is then on the environment because it is a low

To begin with, it is necessary to say that punishment is an integral part of modern countries’ legal systems, because countries have a duty to protect society from wrongdoers and authorities could reach success in it by punishing offenders. Oxford English Dictionary defines punishment as the infliction or imposition of a penalty as retribution for an offence. There are four main purposes of punishment – incapacitation, deterrence, retribution and rehabilitation – and the aim of this paper is to