APA Style: How to handle common online references
Created Feb 2011. Adapted from the sixth edition of the APA Publication Manual, © 2010 and the APA Style blog.
How do I create Reference Entries for Online journals, newspapers, and books?
Online book:
Dewey, J. (1922). Human nature and conduct: An introduction to social psychology. Retrieved from http://books.google.com
Online article—newspaper, journal, newsletter—with a DOI:
Clay, R. (2008). Science and ideology. Monitor on Psychology, 39(6), 38-42.doi:10.1037/0735-7036.122.2.186
Online newspaper article with no DOI:
Brody, J.E. (2007, December 11). Mental reserves keep brain agile. The New York Times. Retrieved from http://www.nytimes.com
Online magazine article with no DOI:
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• An overarching heading plus a paragraph number within that section. • A short title in quotation marks if the heading is too unwieldy to cite in full.
Because there is no date and no author, your text citation would include the title (or short title) "n.d." for no date, and paragraph number. Example: ( "Heuristic," n.d., para. 1).
When do you include a retrieval date for an onsite source?
Retrieval dates are included only if the source material is likely to change over time as in a regularly updated site (CNN, The Weather Channel), an active blog, a Facebook status, or a wiki such as Wikipedia.
APA has not settled on a definitive format for this kind of material. The APA style blog offers this suggestion: Author, A. (date). Title. In Source. Retrieved date, from http://URL
If there is no author, the title moves to the first position. So, the article on Psychology in Wikipedia would be cited as follows:
Psychology. (2010, March 16). In Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Retrieved 19:58, March 17, 2010, from http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Psychology&oldid=350190310
Harvard Graduate School prefers an alternate format for Wikipedia and similar citations:
List of smoking bans. (2011, May 5). Retrieved May 9, 2011, from Wikipedia: http://www.wikipedia.org
Winifred Mary Ward. (n.d.). Retrieved May 31, 2010, from
In-text citations should note the author(s) and the publication date for a paraphrase. For a direct quotation, citations should include author(s), date, and page number. See the following examples:
quote. It can include the author‟s name and also can include a short mention of his or her credentials.
C.You only need to credit sources when writing a research paper, not any other format or style or writing.
Billias, George A. "George Bancroft: Master Historian." Proceedings of the American Antiquarian Society: A Journal of American History and Culture through 1876, vol. 111, no. 2, 2001, pp. 507.
Psychology a Connectext 4th edition, Terry F. Pettijohn Discovering Psychology, Don Hockenbury & Sandra Hockenbury
Correctly cite the article in APA format: name of journal, authors, title of article, location.
In APA writing you want to make sure you follow all of the steps that are necessary, and this paragraph will give you general information about how to use and type your paper in APA format. According to Purdue Owl, the first thing you should do is make sure your lines are double-spaced with 1" margins on all sides, and APA recommends using 12 pt. Times New Roman font. That information is similar to MLA in which you may be used to. Next you want to make sure that you include a page header at the top of every page. On the first page (title page) the header should say “Running head: TITLE” followed by a short title in all capitalization, and every page after should just have the short title (2015). These are the basic outlines for APA that will help you to make sure that the foundation of your paper is correctly laid out.
MLA in-text citation needs the author and a page number or a shortened title if there is not one.
Last name, First name. "Article Title." Website Title. Publisher of Website, Day Month Year article was published. Web. Day Month Year article was accessed. . (Websites)
I can see now I did not put the year no were, but I have listed the authors. In the APA format, I was supposed to list the authors with the year it was publish at the start. I am used to the MLA, which year goes at the end of the citation in an essay.
Include in the text the first item that appears in the Work Cited entry that corresponds to the citation (e.g. author name, article name, website name, film name).
* Locate the citation in APA format. It’s often not perfect, but you can easily edit it before you insert it in your reference list. (Keep in mind that almost all library databases will generate an APA formatted citation - required by KU instructors when citing your resources for papers.)
Copyright © 2 010 by the American Psychological Association. All rights reserved. Except as permitted under the United States Copyright Act o f 1 976, no part o f this publication may be reproduced
2. If you’re citing an article in your paragraph that has no author, how will you refer to it? For example, if it’s from the American Medical Association, but there is no author, what would you do?