Electrostatic Force

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Dec 6, 2023

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The Electrostatic Force Steven Haramis Student of Ocean County Kinetic Theory of Gases Physics 282 June 7, 2023

Introduction: The electrostatic force, which arises from the interaction of electric charges, is a fundamental force of nature. This experiment aims to strengthen the understanding of Coulomb's law, electric fields, and charge interactions. The electrostatic force refers to the force exerted between two charged objects, either attracting or repelling each other. If charges have the same sign, they repel each other, while opposite charges attract. Coulomb's law precisely describes this relationship, stating that the force between two point charges is directly proportional to the product of their magnitudes and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them. Coulomb's Law is F=(|Q1||Q2|)/r^2 where F represents the magnitude of electrostatic force. Thus, increasing the distance between charges weakens the attraction or repulsion. Coulomb's constant, with a value of 8.99 × 10^9 Nm²/C², plays a crucial role in this law. The magnitudes of the charges are represented as |Q1| and |Q2|, and "r" denotes the distance between the charges. Experiment: Experiment 1: In my first experiment I will calculate the electrostatic force between +1μ 𝐶 and -1μ 𝐶 charges that are 10 centimeters apart. The experiment will be conducted through calculations and the virtual simulation through PhET Interactive simulations. The calculations I workout should be equivalent to the virtual simulation.

Calculations: F= k (|Q1|)(|Q2|)/r^2 F= (8.99x10^9 Nm^2/C^2) ((1μ 𝐶 )(1μ 𝐶 )/10cm^2)=.899 N The image of the virtual simulation shows 2 charges, one being +1μ 𝐶 and -1μ 𝐶 and are 10 centimeters from each other. The virtual simulation shows that the electrostatic force is .899 N, the forces are attracted to each other since one is negative and one is positive. The value in the virtual simulation is almost exactly the same as my calculations.

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Results/Discussion for Experiment 1: The force between 2 charges is proportional to the product of the magnitudes. In experiment one the charges were +1μ 𝐶 and -1μ 𝐶 and 10 centimeters apart, since they have opposite charges they will attract each other which can be seen in the virtual simulator. The mannequin figures are holding onto a string attached to the point charge; these charges are not moving since the force the figures are pulling neglects the attractive force between the charges which is equivalent to .899 N. Experiment 2: In my second experiment I will calculate the electrostatic force between -1μ 𝐶 and -1μ 𝐶 charges that are 10 centimeters apart. The experiment will be conducted through calculations and the virtual simulation through PhET Interactive simulations. The calculations I workout should be equivalent to the virtual simulation. Calculations: F= k (|Q1|)(|Q2|)/r^2 F= (8.99x10^9 Nm^2/C^2) ((1μ 𝐶 )(1μ 𝐶 )/10cm^2)=.899 N

Results/Discussion for Experiment 2: The force between 2 charges is proportional to the product of the magnitudes. In experiment one the charges were -1μ 𝐶 and -1μ 𝐶 and 10 centimeters apart, since they have the same charge which creates a repulsive charge each other which can be seen in the virtual simulator. The mannequin figures are holding onto a string attached to the point charge; these charges are not moving since the force the figures are pulling neglects the attractive force between the charges which is equivalent to .899 N. Experiment 3: In my third experiment I will calculate the electrostatic force between +1μ 𝐶 and +1μ 𝐶 charges that are 10 centimeters apart. The experiment will be conducted through calculations and the virtual simulation through PhET Interactive simulations. The calculations I workout should be equivalent to the virtual simulation. Calculations: F= k (|Q1|)(|Q2|)/r^2 F= (8.99x10^9 Nm^2/C^2) ((1μ 𝐶 )(1μ 𝐶 )/10cm^2)=.899 N

Results/Discussion for Experiment 3: The force between 2 charges is proportional to the product of the magnitudes. In experiment one the charges were +1μ 𝐶 and +1μ 𝐶 and 10 centimeters apart, since they have the same charge which creates a repulsive charge each other which can be seen in the virtual simulator. The mannequin figures are holding onto a string attached to the point charge; these charges are not moving since the force the figures are pulling neglects the attractive force between the charges which is equivalent to .899 N. Conclusion The lab was highly successful, as we achieved our goal of determining the electrostatic force between two charged particles using the PHET simulation and the electrostatic force formula. A significant discovery was made that the electrostatic force remains constant between the particles, regardless of the specific charges involved. However, the direction of the force is determined by the individual charges of the particles. Furthermore, we found that the magnitude of the electrostatic force is solely influenced by the strength of each charged particle and the distance separating them. To advance our research, conducting a real-life experiment of this nature is an excellent and logical progression.

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References: - Ch. 5 key terms - university physics volume 2 . OpenStax. (n.d.-e). https://openstax.org/books/university-physics-volume-2/pages/5-key-terms?query=electr ostatic+force&target=%7B%22index%22%3A0%2C%22type%22%3A%22search%22% 7D#fs-id1172101877135 - 5.3 Coulomb’s Law - University Physics Volume 2 | OpenStax . (n.d.). https://openstax.org/books/university-physics-volume-2/pages/5-3-coulombs-law

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