Concept explainers
To complete:
The given table to compare the composition and functions of the four major groups of biological macromolecules.
Introduction:
Macromolecules such as proteins, lipids,
Answer to Problem 6MI
Composition and functions of the four major groups of biological macromolecules are given in the table
Group | Composition | Functions |
Proteins | Amino acids made of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen and sometimes sulfur | Transport of substances, |
Nucleic acids | The polymer of nucleotides, each | Store and communicate genetic information |
Carbohydrates | Carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen in the ratio of one oxygen and two hydrogen for each carbon | Store energy; provide structural support |
Lipids | Lipids are made of hydrocarbons | Store energy; provide steroids; waterproof coatings |
Explanation of Solution
Organisms are made up of carbon-based molecules. Carbon compounds are the basic building blocks of living organisms. Biological macromolecules are formed by joining small carbon compounds into polymers. Proteins, carbohydrates, lipids and nucleic acids are four types of biological macromolecules. Carbohydrate such as cellulose and starch are macromolecules made of monomers. Proteins are polypeptides. Peptide bonds join amino acids in proteins. The nucleic acid is polynucleotides. Chains of nucleotides form nucleic acids. Lipids are made of fatty acids, glycerol and other components.
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