Which of the following speciation mechanisms is most likely to be responsible for the divergence of a single species into two distinct species due to geographic isolation caused by a mountain range? O Sympatric speciation Allopatric speciation (dispersal) O Allopatric speciation (vicariance) Parapatric speciation
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- Which of the following statements about sympatric speciation is correct? It is a process through which two populations can diverge and develop reproductive isolation while in two different geographic area. It is the most common mechanism for populations to form independent species. Postzygotic isolation is the main form of reproductive isolation for the sympatric speciation process. Genetic isolation through large scale chromosomal mutations, such as chromosome inversion or polyploidy, are more likely contributing to sympatric speciation. None of the aboveIndicate the order in which the following steps would take place to result in Allopatric Speciation [enter 1 for the first step, 2 for the second, etc; write only the number -- no words, no spaces] The two groups develop reproductive isolating mechanisms so that they no longer interbreed. Interbreeding populations connected via gene flow occur across a range. The two separate groups adapt to their new environments. Some sort of physical barrier develops to split the once contiguous population(s) into two separate groups If they come back together, any hybrids formed are less fit.How does one species diverge from another? (When do we call a group a new species—and how does that process happen?) Using anole lizards or another very specific example(s), compare and contrast microevolutionary processes with speciation. As you discuss speciation, be sure to compare and contrast sympatric speciation with allopatric speciation and say whether the example you’ve chosen is allopatric or sympatric.
- How is sympatric speciation different from allopatric speciation? Group of answer choices Allopatric speciation requires a geographic barrier, while sympatric speciation occurs in one place Allopatric speciation results in hybrids, while sympatric speciation does not Allopatric speciation is a result of behavioral isolation, while sympatric speciation is a result of habitat isolation Allopatric speciation occurs in one place, while sympatric speciation requires a geographic barrierAgrostis tenuis grasses tolerant of zinc metals in the soil (after evolving from metal-sensitive grasses near mine soils contaminated with zinc over the past 100 years), is an example of: allopatric speciation by vicariance allopatric speciation by dispersal peripatric speciation parapatric speciationE. sympatric speciationGeographic isolation is an isolating mechanism in nature. Over long periods of time, it can lead to speciation. As the name suggests, geographic isolation is when populations of a species become separated geographically. This could also happen from the founder effect, where a small group breaks away from a larger population and establishes a group in an isolated area. Isolation could also occur when a geographic event, like an earthquake or a landslide separates a population. Once the populations are separated evolution can occur through multiple mechanisms. Natural selection could act on each population, where some individuals have favorable traits for survival. Genetic drift can occur, where genotypes become more common due to random chance. These mechanisms can lead to each subpopulation becoming so different, that they can no longer interbreed and are considered separate species. TIME ●00 • ORIGINAL GEOGRAPHIC REPRODUCTIVE SPECIATION POPULATION BARRIER ISOLATION 1. We have…
- Of the following species concept, which one emphasizes reproductive isolation as the major cause for speciation? Phylogenetic species concept Morphological species concept Biological species concept Evolutionary species conceptWhich of the following sets of evidence supports the idea that species share common ancestry? Similar modern species are often found living in the same areas Different species share similarities at the genetic, developmental, and structural level Modern populations can be observed diverging from one another, indicating the start of speciation All of the aboveThe phyletic gradualism model of speciation asserts that; Most speciation occurs allopatrically Speciation is a slow and gradual process that occurs as species slowly become geographically separated speciation occurs in quickly and then is followed by periods with little if any change Most speciation occurs sympatrially
- Distinguish between morphological, phylogenetic, and biological species concepts. What are the advantages and disadvantages of each? What notion is common to each of the species definitions that we considered? Why do species definitions matter in conservation biology? What are the most common mechanisms of sympatric speciation and in which major group of organisms does this happen most often? Distinguish between sympatric and allopatric and parapatric speciation. Which is considered the (far) more common mechanism of species formation? What does "gene flow" between populations do? Describe the modern theory of evolution and discuss how it is supported by evidence from two of the following three areas.a. Population geneticsb. Molecular biologyc. Comparative anatomy and embryologyEvolution is one of the major unifying concepts of modern biology. Explain the mechanisms that lead to evolutionary change. Describe how scientists use each of the following as evidence for evolution.• Bacterial…Which of these options is NOT an example of a hypothesis that supports the occurrence of ecological speciation: ecologically divergent pairs of populations should be more reproductively isolated from one another than more ecologically similar pairs of populations traits that lead to divergent adaptations between populations should lead to reproductive isolation between those populations as well levels of gene flow between ecologically divergent populations should decrease as populations become more ecologically divergent ecologically divergent populations should differ in use of signals that relate to mate selectionIndicate the order in which the following steps would take place to result in Sympatric Speciation [enter 1 for the first step, 2 for the second, etc; write only the number -- no words, no spaces] As they adapt to their specific environments, the fitness of any hybrid formed is reduced. Reproductive isolating mechanisms are selected for so that less fit hybrids are not formed. Two species now exist. Interbreeding populations connected via gene flow occur across a range. The populations in the new environment adapt to their particular circumstances while the remainder stay as they were. Something happens so that some members of the populations/species change their environment (shift hosts; have a genetic change like polyploidy or inversions), so that they are separated from the others even thought hey are living in the same area.