Sickle Cell Anemia is an example of "balancing selection" in which natural selection works against the extremes of a trait and favors the intermediate phenotype (e.g. the heterozygous "carriers" of the sickle cell trait) True or false?
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Sickle Cell Anemia is an example of "balancing selection" in which natural selection works against the extremes of a trait and favors the intermediate
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- This lab exercise requires that we count certain Mendelian traits among students present in the lab. Your professor will explain each trait being addressed and will then ask students to identify if they are dominant or recessive for that specific trait. The collected traits will then be plugged into the Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium formula in order to calculate frequency of Homozygous dominant, Heterozygous and Homozygous recessive individuals in the same. p2 + 2pq + q2 = 100 given data: trait: hair swirl 19 individuals total. 10 had the homozygous dominant hair swirl trait: clockwise the nine other were recessive please do a step by step explanation with the calculation using this data, as I am very unfamiliar with what values mean what and the equation itself thank you!Using the HardyWeinberg Law in Human Genetics Suppose you are monitoring the allelic and genotypic frequencies of the MN blood group locus (see Question 2 for a description of the MN blood group) in a small human population. You find that for 1-year-old children, the genotypic frequencies are MM = 0.25, MN = 0.5, and NN = 0.25, whereas the genotypic frequencies for adults are MM = 0.3, MN = 0.4, and NN = 0.3. a. Compute the M and N allele frequencies for 1-year-olds and adults. b. Are the allele frequencies in equilibrium in this population? c. Are the genotypic frequencies in equilibrium?Consider two blood polymorphisms that humans have in addition to the ABO system. Two alleles LM and LN determine the M, N, and MN blood groups. The dominant allele R of a different gene causes a person to have the Rh+ (rhesus positive) phenotype, whereas the homozygote for r is Rh− (rhesus negative). Two men took a paternity dispute to court, each claiming three children to be his own. The blood groups of the men, the children, and their mother were as follows:From this evidence, can the paternity of the children be established?
- Help me pleaseHeterozygote advantage is an interesting condition in those individuals who have one of each allele (dominant and recessive) have a higher survival rate than those individuals who are either homozygous dominant or homozygous recessive. Sickle-cell anemia is such a genetic disease associated with the recessive allele. Normal homozygous individuals (SS) have normal blood cells that are easily infected with the malarial parasite. Thus, many of these individuals become very ill from the parasite and many die. Individuals homozygous for the sickle-cell trait (ss) have red blood cells that readily collapse when deoxygenated. Although malaria cannot grow in these red blood cells, individuals often die because of the genetic defect. However, individuals with the heterozygous condition (Ss) have some sickling of red blood cells, but generally not enough to cause mortality. In addition, malaria cannot survive well within these "partially defective" red blood cells. Thus, heterozygotes tend to…An autosomal locus has alleles A and a. We are given the frequency of individuals with the autosomal recessive phenotype. Which of the following statements is TRUE? Choose all that are true. Note: HWE = Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium a) If we assume HWE, we can calculate both allele frequencies b) If we assume HWE, we can calculate the genotype frequencies that we weren't given c) We can calculate both allele frequencies even if we don't assume HWE d) We can calculate q = Freq(a) even if we don't assume HWE e) Even if we don't assume HWE, we can calculate the genotype frequencies that we weren't given
- The ability to taste the compound PTC is controlled by a dominant allele T, while individuals homozygous for the recessive allele (t) cannot taste PTC. In a population consisting of 500 individuals, 347 are tasters and 153 are non-PTC tasters. Calculate the frequency of the T and t alleles in this population, and frequency of the genotypes. (Please train yourself to use the Hardy-Weinberg equation.) To present your answers, follow the format in the picture below.Identify each of the following as an example of allele, genotype, and/or phenotype frequency: A. Approximately 1 in 2500 people of Northern European descent is born with cystic fibrosis. B. The percentage of carriers of the sickle cell allele in West Africa is approximately 13%. C. The number of new mutations for achondroplasia, a genetic disorder, is approximately 5 × 10–5.A total of 1000 members of a Central American population are typed for the ABO blood group. In the sample, 421 have blood type A, 168 have blood type B, 336 have blood type O, and 75 have blood type AB. Part A Use this information to determine the frequency of ABO blood group alleles in the sample. Recall that when considering genes with three alleles whose frequencies are represented by the variables p, q, and r, the sum of genotype frequencies resulting from trinomial expansion is: (p+q+r)² =p² + 2pq+q2+2pr+r²+2gr = 1
- The ability to taste the compound PTC is controlled by a dominant allele T, while individuals homozygous for the recessive allele (t) cannot taste PTC. In a population consisting of 500 individuals, 347 are tasters and 153 are non-PTC tasters. Calculate the frequency of the T and t alleles in this population, and frequency of the genotypes. (Please train yourself to use the Hardy-Weinberg equation.)Which of the following choices accurately describe what makes one person different from another with regard to traits (such as height) that have a very high heritability? Choose all that apply a) What makes us different is not that we have different genes, but that we have different alleles of many of those genes b) What makes us different from each other is that we have different genes from each other c) Random factors during development is the most significant causes of differences between people d) Most of us have exactly the same genes and alleles, and it’s the environment we were raised in that makes us different e) None of the other choices are accurateThere may be a number of possible alleles for a given gene within a population. In a multiple allele system the dominance relationships between the various alleles must be considered. One of the more familiar examples of a multiple allelic system is that of the human ABO blood group. The gene involved codes for a protein located on the outside of red blood cell membranes. Three alleles (IA, IB and i) determine whether the protein is present or absent and which form of the protein (if any) is present. The A and B alleles code for the A and B forms of the protein and are co-dominant with each other. The O allele (i) codes for no protein and is recessive to both A and B alleles. This means there are four possible phenotypes (blood types: A, B, AB, and O). This also means there are 6 possible genotypes: IAIA, IBIB, IAi, IBi, IAIB and ii. If you have the letter ‘O’ anywhere in any of your genotypes, you are doing it wrong. 6- A couple with the following blood types: the man has type AB and…