Concept explainers
INTREPRETATION:
The reason behind for formation of identical amounts of enantiomers formed reaction between
CONCEPT INTRODUCTION:
Nucleophile: Nucleophiles are electron rich compounds which donates electrons to electrophilic compounds which results in bond formation.
Nucleophilic nature depends on the negative charge present in the molecule, the solvent in which it present and the electronegativity of the atom.
Electrophile: Electrophiles are electron deficient compounds which accepts electrons from nucleophiles that results in bond formation.
The curved arrows are generally used to indicate the flow of electrons present in the reaction.
Addition Reaction: It is defined as chemical reaction in which two given molecules combines and forms product. The types of addition reactions are electrophilic addition, nucleophilic addition, free radical additions and cycloadditions. Generally, compounds with carbon-hetero atom bonds favors addition reaction.
In addition reaction of
Oxidation Reaction: It involves loss of electrons, addition of oxygen atoms or removal of hydrogen atoms.
Oxidizing Reagents: The chemical agents used to add oxygen or remove hydrogen which finally reduced on oxidizing the other compound.
Carbocation: it is carbon ion that bears a positive charge on it.
Carbocation stability order:
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Organic Chemistry (8th Edition)
- Consider a reaction where cis-but-2-ene is treated with OsO4 followed by NaHSO3/H2O. Draw the structure of one product that is formed in the reaction, including correct stereochemistry.arrow_forwardDraw the structure of the major organic product of the reaction below. CH3 Zn(Cu) CH3CHCH=CH2 + CH212 Use the wedge/hash bond tools to indicate stereochemistry where it exists. Show stereochemistry in a meso compound. • If the reaction produces a racemic mixture, just draw one stereoisomer. opy aste ChemDoodlearrow_forwardThe synthesis of carbohydrates can be particularly difficult because of the large number of chiral centers and OH functional groups present. Epoxides can be useful synthetic intermediates in carbohydrate synthesis. Draw the product of the reaction of a phenyl Gilman reagent with this epoxide. Aa • Use the wedge/hash bond tools to indicate stereochemistry where it exists. Explicitly define the cis/trans stereochemistry of fused rings using wedge or hash bonds. If enantiomers are formed, draw both. Separate multiple products using the sign from the drop-down menu. .arrow_forward
- Draw the organic product that is expected to form when the following compound is oxidized under biological conditions. oxidation SH reduction • You do not have to consider stereochemistry. You do not have to explicitly draw H atoms. • If no reaction occurs, draw the organic starting material.arrow_forwardDraw the structure(s) of the major organic product(s) of the following reaction. Ethanol / trace of HCI 0° C Use the wedge/hash bond tools to indicate stereochemistry where it exists. ⚫ If the reaction produces a racemic mixture, draw both stereoisomers.arrow_forwardNAME and DRAW the STRUCTURE of ALL the alkenes which could undergo catalytic hydrogenation at 900°C to form methylcyclopentane. Circle the alkene with the HIGHEST stability and X the alkene with the HIGHEST heat of hydrogenation. Give reasons for your choice.arrow_forward
- МЕСНANISMS 1,2-epoxy-1-methylcyclopentane undergoes both acid-catalyzed and base-catalyzed opening of the epoxide ring to form two different products. > Using ethanol as the solvent and an appropriate acid, show the steps in the acid catalyzed mechanism, writing structures for all products of the steps. Circle the major product(s). > Using ethanol as the solvent and an appropriate base, show the steps in the base- catalyzed mechanism, writing structures for all products of the steps. Circle the major product(s). 1,2-epoxy-1-methylcyclopentane CH3arrow_forwardDraw a structural formula for the product of the reaction shown. CH3 CN * ·*- H3Cd! CH3 H H • Use the wedge/hash bond tools to indicate stereochemistry where it exists. • Show stereochemistry in a meso compound. • In cases where there is more than one answer, just draw one.arrow_forwardIgnoring stereochemistry, draw the alkylborane formed from the addition of one equivalent of BH3 to the alkene. The alkylborane formed in Part 1 is further treated with H2O2 and HO−. Draw the two stereoisomers of the final product of the reaction. Include stereochemistry where relevant. How many stereocenters are formed from the reaction? What is the relationship between the stereoisomers?arrow_forward
- Alcohols are important for organic synthesis, especially in situations involving alkenes. The alcohol might be the desired product, or the OH group might be transformed into another functional group via halogenation, oxidation, or perhaps conversion to a sulfonic ester derivative. Formation of an alcohol from an alkene is particularly powerful because conditions can be chosen to produce either the Markovnikov or non-Markovnikov product from an unsymmetrical alkene. Using your reaction roadmap as a guide, show how to convert 4-methyl-1-pentene into 5-methylhexanenitrile. You must use 4-methyl-1-pentene and sodium cyanide as the source of all carbon atoms in the target molecule. Show all reagents needed and all molecules synthesized along the way.arrow_forwardDraw a structural formula for the product of the reaction shown. • CH3 CH3 - Use the wedge/hash bond tools to indicate stereochemistry where it exists. Show stereochemistry in a meso compound. In cases where there is more than one answer, just draw one. √n [F ? ChemDoodlearrow_forwardDraw the major elimination and substitution products formed in this reaction. Use a dash or wedge bond to indicate the stereochemistry of substituents on asymmetric centers, where applicable. Ignore any inorganic byproducts. H₂O Draw One of the Major Products Br 6 + > heat Draw One of the Major Productsarrow_forward
- Organic ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781305580350Author:William H. Brown, Brent L. Iverson, Eric Anslyn, Christopher S. FootePublisher:Cengage Learning