Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation: The carbon radical which is formed by homolysis of the
Concept introduction: The formation of carbocation, carbanion and free radical occur due to the heterolysis or homolysis process. Homolysis is opposite to the heterolysis. It forms radical with an unpaired electron.
Resonance is the delocalisation of
(b)
Interpretation: The carbon radical which is formed by homolysis of the
Concept introduction: The formation of carbocation, carbanion and free radical occur due to the heterolysis or homolysis process. Homolysis is opposite to the heterolysis. It forms radical with an unpaired electron.
Resonance is the delocalisation of
(c)
Interpretation: The weaker
Concept introduction: The energy which is released or absorbed in the
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Organic Chemistry
- 7. The reaction of methoxide anion with bromoethane to yield the ether ethyl methyl ether and the bromide anon (Br-) is an excellent example of a general reaction type called Sy2 (substitution nucleophilic bimolecular): CH,0+ CH,СH-Br a CH3-0-CH,СH; + Br- a. Change in enthalpy is -103 kJ/mol; the change in entropy is + 0.025 kJ/mol-K. Calculate DG at 300K. b. Is the reaction endergonic or exergonic? c. Is the reaction endothermic or exothermic? d. Use curved arrows to show the complete mechanism. Reaction of 2-methyl-1-butene with H-Cl could yield TWO alkyl chloride products. Draw and name 8. them.arrow_forwardConsider this reaction: Br CH3OH Br-Br H3CO The mechanism proceeds through a first cationic intermediate, intermediate 1. Nucleophilic attack leads to intermediate 2, which goes on to form the final product. In cases that involve a negatively charged nucleophile, the attack of the nucleophile leads directly to the product. H. Br + CH;OH Br Intermediate 2 (product) Intermediate 1 In a similar fashion, draw intermediate 1 and intermediate 2 (final product) for the following reaction. OH + Br2 + HBr Br racemic mixturearrow_forwardConsider this reaction: Br CH;OH Br-Br H3CO The mechanism proceeds through a first cationic intermediate, intermediate 1. Nucleophilic attack leads to intermediate 2, which goes on to form the final product. In cases that involve a negatively charged nucleophile, the attack of the nucleophile leads directly to the product. Br + CH3OH Br Intermediate 1 Intermediate 2 (product) In a similar fashion, draw intermediate 1 and intermediate 2 (final product) for the following reaction. OH + Br2 + HBr Br racemic mixturearrow_forward
- Write the reaction between ammonia, NH3, and hydrosulfuric acid, H2S. NH3 + + In this reaction completes the reactant side while and complete the products side. а. NH3 b. NH4+1 с. HS-1 d. H2S е. Н20 f. H30+1 9. ОН-1arrow_forward4. A student wants to make molecule B with the following reaction below. Instead of molecule B, a different molecule is made. Give the structure of this compound. HO HO OH H₂NOH * HO N OH HO B OHarrow_forwardDraw a structural formula for the substitution product of the reaction shown below. H3C ✪ -Br • Use the wedge/hash bond tools to indicate stereochemistry where it exists. • If more than one stereoisomer of product is formed, draw both. Na OCH 3 CH3OH • Separate multiple products using the + sign from the drop-down menu. • Products that are initially formed as ions should be drawn in their neutral forms. ***** ChemDoodleⓇ ▼ (F <arrow_forward
- N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide (DEET) is the active ingredient in many insect repellent preparations. Following is one of the steps in its synthesis. In the box below draw the structure of the product of this reaction. H3C MgBr 1. CO2 2. H3O+ product • You do not have to consider stereochemistry. • You do not have to explicitly draw H atoms. • Do not include lone pairs in your answer. They will not be considered in the grading. • Draw the Grignard reagent as a covalent magnesium bromide. 90-87 0 + 11 ? n [arrow_forwardExplain why methyl alcohol reacts with HBr faster than other primary alcohols?arrow_forwardCarvone is the major constituent of spearmint oil. Draw the major organic product of the reaction of carvone with HOCH2CH2OH, HCI. Carvone • You do not have to consider stereochemistry. • You do not have to explicitly draw H atoms. • Do not include lone pairs in your answer. They will not be considered in the grading. • In cases where there is more than one answer, just draw one. • If no reaction occurs, draw the organic starting material. + Sn 1arrow_forward
- Consider the given reaction in which NC−NC− is the nucleophile and CH3CNCH3CN is the solvent. The reactant molecule has a structure with solid and dashed wedge bonds. A solid wedge () is used to show the bond that is above the plane of the paper, and a dashed wedge () is used to show the bond that is behind the plane of the paper. Draw the product of the following reaction:arrow_forwardCurved arrows are used to illustrate the flow of electrons. Using the provided starting and product structures, draw the curved electron-pushing arrows for the following reaction or mechanistic step(s). Be sure to account for all bond-breaking and bond-making steps. Br: Select to Add Arrows Br. Fe at Br Br ·1 Br-Br 104 O:B: Select to Add Arrows Br Br-Br Select to Add Arrowsarrow_forwardWhich statement about elimination reactions is true? Two σ bonds are formed. Two π bonds are broken. Two π bonds are formed. Two σ bonds are broken.arrow_forward
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