Introduction To Health Physics
5th Edition
ISBN: 9780071835275
Author: Johnson, Thomas E. (thomas Edward), Cember, Herman.
Publisher: Mcgraw-hill Education,
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Chapter 6, Problem 6.13P
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You are using a Cs-137 radiation source with an "activity" level of 5 μCi that emits primarily beta particles with energy 0.5120 MeV. Use the equation given to calculate the total beta-radiation exposure you would experience in 3 hours of lab work with this radioactive source.
(H) is the equivalent dose rate in mrem/hr, (A) is the activity of the sample in Ci, (E) is the energy of the emitted radiation in eV, and (r) is the average distance from the source during the exposure in meters. To find the radius, use a reasonable distance - as if you were working with an experimental apparatus and radioactive sources in person during these three hours (how far, on average, would you be from the source during that time?). For comparison, you would be exposed to approximately 3.5 millirems if you were to fly from the east coast to the west coast of the US.
A 73.0 kg person experiences a whole-body exposure to alpha radiation with energy of 1.50 MeVMeV. A total of 5.40×1012 alpha particles is absorbed. Use the Table of Relative biological effectiveness (RBE) for several types of radiation.
A) What is the absorbed dose in rad?
Express your answer in rads.
B) What is the equivalent dose in rem?
Express your answer in rem.
C) If the source is 0.0100 g of 226Ra (half-life 1600 years) somewhere in the body, what is the activity of the source?
Express your answer in decays per second.
D) If all the alpha particles produced are absorbed, what time is required for this dose to be delivered?
Express your answer with the appropriate units.
A 53.0 kgkg laboratory worker is exposed to 26.0 mJmJ of beta radiation with RBE = 1.5.
What is the dose equivalent in mremmrem?
Chapter 6 Solutions
Introduction To Health Physics
Ch. 6 - A 50-µC/kg (approximately 200 mR) pocket dosimeter...Ch. 6 - Prob. 6.2PCh. 6 - Prob. 6.3PCh. 6 - Prob. 6.4PCh. 6 - Prob. 6.5PCh. 6 - Prob. 6.6PCh. 6 - Prob. 6.7PCh. 6 - Prob. 6.8PCh. 6 - Prob. 6.9PCh. 6 - Prob. 6.10P
Ch. 6 - Prob. 6.11PCh. 6 - Prob. 6.12PCh. 6 - Prob. 6.13PCh. 6 - Prob. 6.14PCh. 6 - Prob. 6.15PCh. 6 - Prob. 6.16PCh. 6 - Prob. 6.17PCh. 6 - Prob. 6.19PCh. 6 - Prob. 6.20PCh. 6 - Calculate the average power density, in watts per...Ch. 6 - Prob. 6.22PCh. 6 - Prob. 6.23PCh. 6 - Prob. 6.24PCh. 6 - Prob. 6.26PCh. 6 - Prob. 6.27PCh. 6 - Prob. 6.28PCh. 6 - Prob. 6.29PCh. 6 - Prob. 6.33P
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- What is the dose in mSv for: (a) a 0.1 Gy xray? (b) 2.5 mGy of neutron exposure to the eye? (c) 1.5 mGy of exposure?arrow_forwardFind the radiation dose in Gy for: (a) A 10mSv fluoroscopic xray series. (b) 50 mSv of skin exposure by an emitter. (c) 160 mSv of and rays from the 40K in your body.arrow_forwardSuppose one load irradiation plant uses a 137Cs source while another uses an equal activity of 60Co. Assuming equal fractions of the (rays from the sources are absorbed, why is more time needed to get the same dose using me 137Cs source?arrow_forward
- Find the radiation dose in Gy for: (a) A 10-mSv fluoroscopic X-ray series, (b) 50 mSv of skin exposure by an a emitter, (c) 160 mSv of and rays from the 40K in your body.arrow_forwardA 73.0 kg person experiences a whole-body exposure to alpha radiation with an energy of 1.50 MeVMeV. A total of 5.40×1012 alpha particles is absorbed. Use the Table of Relative biological effectiveness (RBE) for several types of radiation. A) What is the absorbed dose in rad? Express your answer in rads. B) What is the equivalent dose in rem? Express your answer in rem. C) If the source is 0.0100 gg of 226Ra (half-life 1600 years) somewhere in the body, what is the activity of the source? Express your answer in decays per second. D) If all the alpha particles produced are absorbed, what time is required for this dose to be delivered? Express your answer with the appropriate units.arrow_forwarda) A patient receives an absorbed dose of 0.045 mGy of alpha radiation. The radiation weighting factor of the radiation is 20. Calculate the equivalent dose received by the patient. b) A worker in a nuclear power station receives the following radiation exposures to all parts of their body while working in one year: 1.5 mGy of slow neutrons, with a radiation weighting factor, WR, of 5 and 2.0 mGy of gamma rays with a WR of 1. What is the effective dose that the worker has absorbed?arrow_forward
- During a 2-h period of radiation therapy, alpha radiation is deposited into a patient's body at a rate of 3.3 x 10-8 J/s. What effective dose does the 59-kg patient receive? (Units: mSv) Use the following table of RBEs. Radiation type RBE X-rays 1 Gamma rays 1 Electrons 1 Protons 2 Alpha particles 20arrow_forwardThe nuclide 189F (β emitter, t1/2 = 109.8 min) is a useful radioactive tracer for human consumption. An amount of 18F having an activity of 1.2 x 107 Bq is administered to a patient. What is the activity 48 hours later?arrow_forwardA gamma scan showing the active volume of a patient’s lungs can be created by having a patient breathe the radioactive isotope 133Xe, which undergoesbeta-minus decay with a subsequent gamma emission from the daughter nucleus. A typical procedure gives a dose of 3.0 mSv to the lungs. How muchenergy is deposited in the 1.2 kg mass of a patient’s lungs?arrow_forward
- a) A patient receives an absorbed dose of 0.045 mGy of alpha radiation. The radiation weighting factor of the radiation is 20. Calculate the equivalent dose received by the patient. b) A worker in a nuclear power station receives the following radiation exposures to all parts of their body while working in one year: 1.5 mGy of slow neutrons, with a radiation weighting factor, , of 5 and 2.0 mGy of gamma rays with a of 1. What is the effective dose that the worker has absorbed?arrow_forwardQUESTION ONEA. Calculate the radiation dose in rem per year (365 days) for the lungs of a weaponsplant employee who inhales and retains an activity of 1.0 µCi Plutonium-239 in anaccident. The mass of the affected lung tissue is 2.0 kg and the Plutonium decaysby emission of a 5.23-MeV alpha particle. Assume a RBE value of 20. B. Francium-223 has a half-life of 21.80 min.i. How many nuclei are initially present in a 25.0-mg sample of Francium-223?ii. What is its initial activity? iii. How many nuclei will be present 1hr and 49 min later?C. A 5.5-kW water heater operates at 240 V.i. Should the heater circuit have a 20A or a 30A circuit breaker?ii. Assuming 85% efficiency, how long will the heater take to heat the water ina 0.2085-m3 tank from 20°C to 80°C? The density of water is 1,000 kg/m3and the specific heat capacity is 4,200 J/kg/°C. D. When ultraviolet light with a wavelength of 400.0 nm falls on a certain metalsurface, the maximum kinetic energy of the emitted electrons is measured…arrow_forwardThe radionuclide 32P (T1/2 = 14.28 d) is often used as a tracer to follow the course of biochemical reactions involving phosphorus. (a) If the counting rate in a particular experimental setup is initially 3050 counts/s, how much time will the rate take to fall to 170 counts/s? (b) A solution containing 32P is fed to the root system of an experimental tomato plant, and the 32P activity in a leaf is measured 3.48 days later. By what factor must this reading be multiplied to correct for the decay that has occurred since the experiment began?arrow_forward
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