Principles of Biology
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9781259875120
Author: Robert Brooker, Eric P. Widmaier Dr., Linda Graham Dr. Ph.D., Peter Stiling Dr. Ph.D.
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Question
Chapter 33, Problem 2CBQ
Summary Introduction
To write:
About the reflexes that occur in animals and humans.
Introduction:
Reflexes are among the evolutionarily oldest and most important features of nervous systems, because they allow animals or human to respond quickly to potentially dangerous events. Reflex occurs due to neural pathways called reflex arcs which can act on an impulse before that impulse reaches the brain.
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The reflex arc is the fastest way the body has to move a body part from danger or away from the source of pain. Have you ever noticed your own reflex response? Did you notice that you felt the pain after you yanked your hand away from the source of pain?
Which is the sequence of structures involved in a reflex response?
a. motor neurons → effectors → brain → sensory neurons → interneurons
b. effectors → sensory neurons → brain → motor neurons
c. sensory neurons → interneurons → motor neurons → effectors
d. sensory neurons → motor neurons → interneurons → effectors
One of the most important and fundamental features of all nervoussystems is the reflex. Describe why reflexes are adaptive.
The central nervous system consists of the brain and the spinal cord. The brain does most of the programming of information but the spinal cord does 1 thing which is the simple reflex. What is the simple reflex ,give an example and explain it in detail.
Chapter 33 Solutions
Principles of Biology
Ch. 33.1 - Which of the following is false? The CNS of...Ch. 33.1 - Prob. 2TYKCh. 33.1 - Prob. 1CCCh. 33.2 - Prob. 1CCCh. 33.2 - Prob. 1BCCh. 33.2 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 33.2 - The resting membrane potential occurs because the...Ch. 33.3 - Are ions the only substances that can move through...Ch. 33.3 - Prob. 1CCCh. 33.3 - Prob. 2CC
Ch. 33.3 - Which is false? Graded potentials may die out or...Ch. 33.3 - Action potentials require a threshold potential...Ch. 33.4 - Prob. 1CCCh. 33.4 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 33.4 - Prob. 2TYKCh. 33.5 - Prob. 1BCCh. 33.5 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 33.5 - Prob. 2TYKCh. 33.6 - Prob. 1CCCh. 33.6 - Prob. 2CCCh. 33.6 - Prob. 3CCCh. 33.6 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 33.6 - Prob. 2TYKCh. 33.7 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 33.7 - Therapeutic drugs that reduce symptoms of...Ch. 33 - Prob. 1TYCh. 33 - Prob. 2TYCh. 33 - Prob. 3TYCh. 33 - Neurons that function mainly in connecting other...Ch. 33 - Prob. 5TYCh. 33 - Prob. 6TYCh. 33 - Prob. 7TYCh. 33 - Prob. 8TYCh. 33 - Prob. 9TYCh. 33 - Prob. 10TYCh. 33 - Describe the differences between graded and action...Ch. 33 - Prob. 2CCQCh. 33 - Prob. 3CCQCh. 33 - Prob. 1CBQCh. 33 - Prob. 2CBQ
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- What is similar about the Autonomic and Somatic Nervous Systems? O Both have smooth muscle as effectors Both can send information to the Central Nervous System through afferent neural pathways Both have skeletal muscle as effectors Both are part of the Efferent (Motor) Division of the Nervous Systemarrow_forwardNeurons release norepinephrine or acetylcholine onto their target organ. O It regulates heart rate Question 30 While walking barefoot along the beach, you step on a shard of glass and reflexively lift your injured foot. Which path did the reflex to lift your foot take? O Motor nerve → spinal cord → brain → spinal cord → sensory nerve → skeletal muscle O Sensory nerve → spinal cord → brain → motor nerve → skeletal muscle O Sensory nerve → spinal cord → motor nerve → skeletal muscle O Sensory nerve → motor nerve → spinal cord → brain Question 31 Generally, nerve impulses do not move "backward" along a series of neurons. What is the reason for this? 1 pts 80 1 ptarrow_forwardWe regularly make conscious decisions to make specific muscular movements. For example, when using the touch interface of your phone, you make a conscious effort to scroll up and down the screen using your finger. In contrast, there are many muscular movements that cannot be controlled voluntarily. For example, you cannot make your heart stop by thinking about it. Which of the following statements correctly identifies the parts of the nervous system that are involved in voluntary and involuntary actions, respectively? Select one: a. Motor neurons of the somatic nervous system and motor neurons of the autonomic nervous system b. Motor neurons of the autonomic nervous system and sensory neurons of the somatic nervous system c. Sensory neurons of the somatic nervous system and sensory neurons of the autonomic nervous system d. Sensory neurons of the peripheral nervous system and motor neurons of the autonomic nervous systemarrow_forward
- Do a concept map on the divisions of the Nervous System by using ALL words below: Start with the Nervous System (black box) and then continue building the concept map. Autonomic Nervous System (ANS) Afferent Division Controls Skeletal Muscle Decreases & maintains heart rate, Contraction respiratory rate; stimulated digestion Nervous System Central Nervous System (CNS) Efferent Division Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) Somatic Nervous System (SNS) Fight or Flight Response Rest & Digest Response Controls involuntary visceral Increases heart & functions respiration rate; stops digestion Sympathetic Nervous System Brain & Spinal Cord Controls voluntary activities Parasympathetic Nervous System Motor pathways By using motor neurons Sensory pathways By using sensory neuronsarrow_forwardSometimes you have lighting fast reflexes to protect yourself from a further dangerous situation – burning your hand, stepping on a nail or broken glass, etc. Okay, the situation or stimulus might not always we dangerous such as when the doctor checks your patellar reflex with their hand or rubber mallet. Explain the neurons involved in a reflex arc and how they trigger a reflex action in response to a stimulus.arrow_forwardAlcohol addiction is a condition in which a person experiencesdependent on alcohol and difficult to control its consumption. On the other hand, excessive alcohol consumption in the long term can cause disturbances in brain performance, including disturbances in memory, attention, coordination, and locomotion. How does alcohol affect the functioning of nerve cells and the central nervous system? What is the mechanism that occurs? Based on information from the literature, analyze what will happen to coordination and locomotion in someone who is addicted to alcohol and consumes large amounts of alcohol over a long period of time.arrow_forward
- Your hand touches the surface of a hot stove. Without thinking, you immediately pull your hand away. The correct order of the components of the reflex arc that pulls your hand away is: a. sensory receptors → sensory neurons → motor neurons → interneurons → effectors b. effectors → sensory neurons → brain → motor neurons → sensory receptors c. motor neurons → effectors → brain → sensory neurons → interneurons d. sensory receptors → sensory neurons → interneurons → motor neurons → effectorsarrow_forwardWhat are the similarities and differences of autonomic and somatic nervous system in terms of function? Pls explain in sentences. And dont just copy paste from google thanks.arrow_forwardVisit this site (http://openstaxcollege.org/l/nervetissue3) to learn about how nervous tissue is composed of neurons and glial cells. Neurons are dynamic cells with the ability to make a vast number of connections, to respond incredibly quickly to stimuli, and to initiate movements on the basis of those stimuli. They are the focus of intense research because failures in physiology can lead to devastating illnesses. Why are neurons only found in animals? Based on what this article says about neuron function, why wouldn't they be helpful for plants or microorganisms?arrow_forward
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