Microeconomics
21st Edition
ISBN: 9781259915727
Author: Campbell R. McConnell, Stanley L. Brue, Sean Masaki Flynn Dr.
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Chapter 26, Problem 8RQ
To determine
The benefits of an international trade.
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5. Suppose that the comparative-cost ratios of two products-
baby formula and tuna fish-are as follows in the hypotheti-
cal nations of Canswicki and Tunata:
Canswicki: 1 can baby formula = 2 cans tuna fish
1 can baby formula = 4 cans tuna fish
Tunata:
In what product should each nation specialize? Explain why
terms of trade of 1 can baby formula =
would be acceptable to both nations.
25 cans tuna fish
3. The following hypothetical production
possibilities tables are for China and the
United States. Assume that before
specialization and trade, the optimal
product mix for China is alternative B
and for the United States is alternative
U. LO20.2
a. Are comparative-cost conditions such
that
the
two
countries
should
specialize? If so, what product should
each produce?
b. What is the total gain in apparel and
chemical output that would result
from such specialization?
c. What are the limits of the terms of
trade? Suppose that the actual terms
of trade are 1 unit of apparel for 1 unit
of chemicals and 4 units of apparel for
6 units of chemicals. What are the
gains from specialization and trade for
each nation?
China Production Possibilities
Product
A
D
F
Apparel (in thousands)
30
24
18
12
Chemicals (in tons)
12
18
24
30
U.S. Production Possibilities
Product
R
T.
V
Apparel (in thousands)
hemicals (in tons)
10
8.
4
4
8.
12
16
20
p. 579
Suppose that two countries can produce wheat or cotton. If country A produces only wheat it can produce 38 units of wheat, and if it only produces cotton
it can produce 45 units of cotton. If country B produces only wheat it can produce 27 units of wheat, and if it only produces cotton it can produce 35 units
of cotton. Given the production possibilities frontiers above which of the following would be feasible terms of trade between country A and country B?
O a. One unit of cotton for 0.92 units of wheat.
O b. One unit of cotton for 0.72 units of wheat.
O c. One unit of wheat for 1.08 units of cotton.
O d. One unit of wheat for 1.35 units of cotton.
O e. None of the other answers are feasible terms of trade.
Chapter 26 Solutions
Microeconomics
Ch. 26.2 - Prob. 1QQCh. 26.2 - Prob. 2QQCh. 26.2 - Prob. 3QQCh. 26.2 - Prob. 4QQCh. 26 - Prob. 1DQCh. 26 - Prob. 2DQCh. 26 - Prob. 3DQCh. 26 - Prob. 4DQCh. 26 - Prob. 5DQCh. 26 - Prob. 6DQ
Ch. 26 - Prob. 7DQCh. 26 - Prob. 8DQCh. 26 - Prob. 9DQCh. 26 - Prob. 10DQCh. 26 - Prob. 11DQCh. 26 - Prob. 12DQCh. 26 - Prob. 13DQCh. 26 - Prob. 14DQCh. 26 - Prob. 1RQCh. 26 - Prob. 2RQCh. 26 - Prob. 3RQCh. 26 - Prob. 4RQCh. 26 - Prob. 5RQCh. 26 - Prob. 6RQCh. 26 - Prob. 7RQCh. 26 - Prob. 8RQCh. 26 - Prob. 9RQCh. 26 - Prob. 10RQCh. 26 - Prob. 11RQCh. 26 - Prob. 12RQCh. 26 - Prob. 13RQCh. 26 - Prob. 1PCh. 26 - Prob. 2PCh. 26 - Prob. 3PCh. 26 - Prob. 4P
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- 25 20 15 10 LO 0 P a 0 O 3 (d) areas (b) + (c) + (d) + (e) (e) areas (a) + (b) + (c) + (d) e 6 b O S 9 12 15 18 25. If the free trade price is IP and this country imposes a trade tariff of $6, the loss to the economy as a result of this tariff is represented by O(a) area (a) in this graph (b) area (b) in this graph (c) areas (c) + (d) P* 21 IP D 24 Qarrow_forwardIn Country A, the production of 1 bicycle requires using resources that could otherwise be used to produce 11 lamps. In Country B, the production of 1 bicycle requires using resources that could otherwise be used to produce 15 lamps. Which country has a comparative advantage in making bicycles? LO26.2 a. Country A. b. Country Barrow_forward5. Free-trade benefits In addition to the positive welfare effects that free trade has on an economy, there are a variety of other benefits of international trade. Consider the following scenario: Because of international trade, poorer countries are able to learn about technological advances made by other countries rather than investing scarce resources in developing advanced technology themselves. The previous scenario represents which of the following benefits of free trade? O Increased variety of goods O Increased competition O Lower costs through economies-of scale O An enhanced flow of ideasarrow_forward
- 5. Assess all the statements below and judge which of them is true and which is false.Provide a short justification for your assessment.a) One reason that a large share of the trade between high-income industrial economies is intraindustry trade is because higher incomes permit them to spend more money abroad.b) Economies of scale at a firm level imply the benefit of falling average costs in the long-runproduction.c) Simultaneous exports and imports of sub-compact cars of different brand names by a countryis a good example of intra-industry trade.d) External economies of scale occurring in a country or region imply that firms abroad canbenefit from more intensive trade relations.e) If Germany imports copy machines from the rest of the world for a total value of €100 millionand at the same time exports copy machines to the rest of the world for a total value of €500million, the index of intra-industry trade in this case is equal to 0.6.arrow_forwardAssume the following information shows the output of 2 goods in 2 countries before specialization. [Also assume that the same amount of resources are used by both countries and are equally divided between their two industries, 1 and 3.] Automobiles Computers U.S. 20 15 Germany 15 5 Which country has the absolute advantage in automobile production? Why? In Germany, the opportunity cost of producing 1 automobile is the loss of _________. Which country has the comparative advantage in automobile production? Why? If both countries produce according to the respective comparative advantages, what goods will the U.S. and Germany end up producing after specialization? Gains from Trade: How many more units of total output (automobiles + computers) will be produced after specialization? Terms of Trade: If the U.S. and Germany trade with each other, and the U.S. sends Germany 10 computers, at least how many autos will the U.S. expect in return? Be specific. Draw the PPF for…arrow_forwardA= C+1 45 Y. Yo Y1 Which one of the following statements is false? Y1 represents the equilibrium level of income. The curve labelled A = C +1 shows the total of consumption and investment spending. The curve labelled C shows the total of autonomous and induced consumption spending. The point labelled D shows where savings equal investment. A. C. 2. In macroeconomic theory, total or aggregate spending is denoted by A and total or aggregate production of income by Y. Which one of the following statements is incorrect? When A is greater than Y, there is disequilibrium and Y will tend to increase. When A is equal to Y, there is equilibrium and Y will remain unchanged. When A is less than Y, there is disequilibrium and Y will decrease. When A is greater than Y, there is disequilibrum and A will decrease A. 10arrow_forward
- Price (dollars per shirt) 44 40 36 32 28 24 20 16 12 O 8 O 32 million The figure shows the market for shirts in the United States, where D is the domestic demand curve and S is the domestic supply curve. The world price is $20 per shirt. The United States imposes a tariff on imported shirts, $4 per shirt. 24 million S In the figure above, with the tariff the United States imports 8 million D O 16 million 16 24 32 40 48 56 64 Quantity (millions of shirts per year) million shirts per year.arrow_forwardA small country is facing the following domestic supply curve of a product: S = 200 + 20P, as well as the following domestic demand curve of a product: D = 400 - 20P. It can import it at a world price of 10 per unit. In addition, each unit of production yields a marginal social benefit of 10. The effect on welfare of an import tariff of 6 per unit is $. O -420 O 500 O -480 O 420 O 320 -500 O :180 O -320 480 O 180arrow_forwardGovernments sometimes erect barriers to trade other than tariffs and quotas. Which of the following is not an example of this type of trade barrier? O a requirement that imports meet health and safety requirements restrictions on imports for national security reasons 4 O a requirement that the employees of domestic firms that engage in foreign trade pay income taxes O a requirement that the U.S. government buy military uniforms only from US, manufacturersarrow_forward
- Suppose Big Country can produce 80 units of X by using all its resources to produce X or 60 units of Y by devoting all its resources to Y. Comparable figures for Small Nation are 60 units of X and 60 units of Y. Assuming constant costs, in which product should each nation specialize? Explain why. What are the limits of the terms of trade between these two countries? How would rising costs (rather than constant costs) affect the extent of specialization and trade between these two countries?arrow_forwardQUESTION 22 P COUNTRY 1 25 20 15 10 5 d1 Q 0 0 3 6 9 1215182124 s1 IP INTERNATIONAL MARKET 25 20- 15 10- LO P 5 S2 P 0 0 3 6 9 1215182124Q 25 20- S1 15 IP 10 D2 5 D1 0 COUNTRY 2 ⠀⠀ 22. What is the net welfare gain from trade to the economy of country 1? (hint: the formula for calculating the area of a triangle is 1/2 times the base times the height) a) 3 b) 6 c) 9 d) 13.5 e) 18 s2 IP d2 0 3 6 9 1215182124Qarrow_forward25 20 15 10 LO 5 P COUNTRY 1 s1 IP d1 EQ 0 0 3 6 9 1215182124 INTERNATIONAL MARKET P 25 20 15 10 5 0 0 3 6 9 12 15182124 Under open trade, who will gain and who will lose in country 2? O a) consumers gain and producers lose. b) producers gain and consumers lose. c) both producers and consumers lose. O d) the poor lose and the rich gain. S2 S1 IP D2 D1 Q P COUNTRY 2 25 20 15 10 5 d2 0 0 3 6 9 1215182124 Q s2 IParrow_forward
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