Principles of Biology
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9781259875120
Author: Robert Brooker, Eric P. Widmaier Dr., Linda Graham Dr. Ph.D., Peter Stiling Dr. Ph.D.
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Chapter 25.1, Problem 1TYK
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
Plants belong to kingdom plantae and are multi-cellular and autotrophic eukaryotes. They can make their own food by the process of photosynthesis, as they contain chloroplast, which captures light energy to make glucose. Plants include gymnosperms, flowering plants, conifers, hornworts, mosses, green algae, liverworts, and mosses.
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Which of the following is a universal feature of the life cycles of land plants?
Genetically identical gametophyte and sporophyte stages
Multicellular haploid and diploid gametes
Morphologically identical gametophyte and sporophyte stages
Alteration of generations between haploid gametophytes and diploid sporophytes
All of the following are trends in plant evolution except;
A trend towards better water conducting tissue
A trend towards Sporophyte dominance and away from gametophyte dominance
A trend towards seeds and away from free spores
A trend away from heterospory and towards homospory
Do mosses have an alternation of isomorphic or heteromorphic generations? That is, can you easily tell a moss gametophyte from a moss sporophyte? When we look at leafy green moss plants, what are we seeing—the gametophyte or the sporophyte? In a flowering plant species, would the equivalent stage be the plant or the pollen grains and megagametophytes?
Chapter 25 Solutions
Principles of Biology
Ch. 25.1 - Why do you think liverworks, mosses, and hornworts...Ch. 25.1 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 25.1 - Prob. 2TYKCh. 25.2 - Prob. 1CCCh. 25.2 - Prob. 2CCCh. 25.2 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 25.2 - Prob. 2TYKCh. 25.3 - In what way are gymnosperms different from...Ch. 25.3 - Prob. 2TYKCh. 25.4 - Prob. 1TYK
Ch. 25.4 - Prob. 2TYKCh. 25.5 - In what other way do corn ears differ from thoseof...Ch. 25.5 - What feature of wild food did humans alter during...Ch. 25 - Prob. 1TYCh. 25 - Prob. 2TYCh. 25 - Prob. 3TYCh. 25 - Prob. 4TYCh. 25 - Prob. 5TYCh. 25 - Prob. 6TYCh. 25 - Prob. 7TYCh. 25 - Prob. 8TYCh. 25 - Prob. 9TYCh. 25 - Prob. 10TYCh. 25 - Prob. 1CCQCh. 25 - Prob. 2CCQCh. 25 - Prob. 3CCQCh. 25 - Prob. 1CBQCh. 25 - Prob. 2CBQ
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- Review the life cycles of the three major plant groups (bryophyte or non-vascular plants, seedless vascular plants, and seed plants). Be able to identify the gametophyte and sporophyte generations in each plant group. Make one graph that shows patterns of changes in the following characteristics, as the different plant groups (bryophytes or non-vascular plants, seedless vascular plants, and seed plants) appeared or evolved on land through time. 1) size of the gametophyte generation 2) size of the sporophyte generation 3) biomass (amount of organic material) stored in the sporophyte 4) degree of dependence on water for fertilization Make sure the y- and x- axes of the graph, labels and title are included and correctly applied.arrow_forwardMany fungi are decomposers and degrade organic matter (such as wood and leaf litter). It has become clear that many of these decomposers are also able to colonize live plants as endophytes (living inside the plant without causing any harm) and allowing for prime access to plant tissues once the plant dies. Explain, using the principles of natural selection, how having the ability to be both a decomposer and endophyte evolved. Make sure you include the four steps of evolution by natural selection in your response.arrow_forwardBryophytes can be found in every type of habitation, except in the oceans, thus reflecting the progressive species expansion occurred along the evolution. However, bryophytes rarely succeed in the ecosystem. Why do you think so? Give three reasons.arrow_forward
- Trimerophytes were plants that probably evolved from rhyniophytes but with more derived features. In one feature, certain stems grow longer than others, and thus, rather than having dichotomous branching, they have branching (displayed especially by Pertica). Simultaneously, the positioning of branches became more and .arrow_forwardIn regards to flowering plants which of the following would be the best example of a symplesiomorphy and a synapomorphy respectively? Seeds enclosed in an ovary wall, rhizoids Alternation of generation, reproducing via flowers and fruits Archegonia produced in megastrobilli, Chlorophyll a and b Sporophyte dominance, reproduction via sporesarrow_forwardDo mosses have an alteration of isomorphIC Or heteromorphic generations? That is, can youeasily tell a moss gametophyte from a moss sporophyte? When we look at leafy green mossplants, what are we seeing - gametophyte or the sporophyte? in a fiowering plant species,would the equivalent stage be the plant the pollen grains and megagametophytesarrow_forward
- Draw a phylogeny of the following groups of the Archiplastida: red algae, charophytes, mosses, lycophytes, pterophytes, gymnosperms, angiosperms. Mark on the phylogeny at least six evolutionary transitions in life cycle. Can you please draw on a sheet of paperarrow_forwardCompare and contrast bryophytes (e.g. mosses) and seedless vascular plants (e.g. ferns). What differences exist between these classifications of plants, and how have these differences become evolutionarily advantageous?arrow_forwardThis figure identifies lineages as plants, non-vascular plants, vascular plants, seedless vascular plants, and seed plants. Which of these categories are paraphyletic and which are monophyletic?arrow_forward
- the charophytes are at the base of the phylogenetic line of land plants. True or Falsearrow_forwardThe non-vascular plants are represented today by three phyla of small herbaceous plants namely: Phylum Hepatophyta, Phylum Anthocerophyta, and Phylum Bryophyta. Cite and explain how the structure fits function in bryophytesarrow_forwardPut the following 3 fictional plants in order from earliest to most recent according to their characteristics: A. The Terpad Plant: This plant reproduces using spores and has proper leaves and vascular tissue. B. The Feltris Plant: The Feltris plant lives in moist environments since it doesn't have any vascular tissue to maintain hydration throughout the plant. This plant has no roots either but has small root-like structures called rhizoids which help anchor them to the ground. Water is also required in order for fertilization. C. The Lancelot Plant: This plant can grow in either moist or dry environments, has true roots, stems and leaves and reproduces via seeds which develop within an ovary.arrow_forward
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